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Traditional stage lamps mainly use tungsten halogen lamps, xenon lamps and the like. Taking the tungsten halogen lamp as an example, its characteristic as a stage illumination source lies in the spectral continuity of the heat radiation source, and the color rendering index ranges from 95 to 100, which is close to the ideal light source.
When color temperature or light color conversion is required, it is necessary to arrange a filter in front of the light source, and the filter has a characteristic of selectively absorbing light, and a filter of different chromatic colors can be used to obtain a new light color.
Although the tungsten halogen lamps can achieve satisfactory color development and meet the color requirements of artistic creation, the shortcomings are obvious. In the process of illuminating the tungsten halogen lamp, the luminous efficiency is low, and most of the electric energy is dissipated in the form of heat radiation, which causes the temperature of the lamp body to rise sharply, and there is a safety hazard in the application process.
At present, domestic and foreign lighting manufacturers directly use white LED light source for stage lighting. White light LED internationally is the light-emitting mode of blue-light-excited phosphor, and its color rendering, spectrum and visual effects are the same as those of tungsten halogen lamps. There are significant differences.
Although some LED stage spotlights can have a general color rendering index of more than 90, due to the high blue light content in the spectrum and the low red color, it is obvious that color reproduction, light color effect, artistic expression and the like cannot be felt during use. To meet the requirements of the people who dance the beautiful lighting, this is also a serious shortcoming in the basic lighting of the LED stage lamps recognized by the performing arts industry.
This paper proposes a method to improve the light color performance of LED stage basic light lighting fixtures by using RGBW four-color light source mixing technology.
1, the performance characteristics of LED light source
At present, the realization technology of the relatively mature white LED is blue LED + yellow YAG phosphor. The yellow light generated by the phosphor is complementary to the blue light originally used for excitation to generate white light. The structure diagram is shown in Fig. 1.
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of white LED light source structure
The basic structure of an LED is an electroluminescent semiconductor material that emits a spectrum that depends on the characteristics of the semiconductor material selected. The color temperature of the light source is determined by the spectrum of the LED and the phosphor.
Therefore, significant changes in color temperature are not caused during dimming of the white LED source by current modulation. This characteristic of white LEDs has been greatly welcomed in places where high color temperature stability is required, such as film and television shooting.
In the occasion of paying more attention to the expressiveness of stage art, the lamps used by the dancers for a long time are all tungsten halogen lamps. The characteristic is that when the stage lighting is gradually dimmed and dimmed, the light color and color temperature of the light source will produce corresponding The change indicates that the relative energy distribution of the spectral radiation has changed.
For example, when the tungsten halogen lamp is dimmed from the rated voltage value, the change rule of the light parameter is: the brightness and the color temperature are gradually decreased, and the light color gradually changes toward the red direction. Conversely, when the working voltage is pushed up, the brightness and the color temperature are improved. The light color changes from red to yellowish white. As we rise every day when the sun rises, the orange sun appears on the eastern side of the sky, and at noon, the sun turns into a white disc.
In the application of stage lighting, this usage and habits are easy to express life scenes and emotions, and thus meet the mental and physiological needs of the lighting division and the audience. This demand challenges the light color performance of white LED sources.
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