10 rules to follow when properly arranging fluid devices

In order to properly route and properly install fluid delivery components during machine prototyping, please follow the 10 general rules below. These guidelines should be most beneficial during machine prototyping. After eliminating all errors, follow normal production procedures.

1. Starting from the big line, first install the largest diameter lines because they are the most difficult to bend and manipulate, especially in narrow spaces. After that, the work becomes easier. Smaller lines provide greater routing versatility and can work more easily into tight spaces, so routing each line saves maximum space. Not only does this make the machine look cleaner, it also makes it easier, more convenient, and more economical to modify or add to the future.

2. Optimal length The appearance and effective operation of the target system often depends on the use of hoses of appropriate length. Making them too long increases the pressure drop and system cost. Hose assemblies are typically manufactured with specified lengths and length increments to minimize the size of the inventory that must be carried. When calculating the hose length, remember that the hose can stretch 2% or shrink by as much as 4%.

3. The hose bending hose assembly is designed to bend rather than twist. In fact, if the large diameter high pressure hose is only twisted by 7 degrees, its service life can be significantly reduced, in some cases by as much as 90%. The high pressure hose must be routed to bend in only one plane (Figure 1). If the wiring requires the hose to bend in more than one plane, the hose should be divided into two or more sections such that each will bend through only one plane. More preferably, 45 or 90 degrees can be combined with the elbow to prevent the hose from bending in both planes. Spring shrouds are typically used to prevent the hose from bending at the fitting beyond its minimum bend radius. However, it does not prevent the hose from twisting.

4. Pivot point When the hose must bend, pass it through the pivot point of the part (Figure 2). This will produce the most effective deflection of the hose line, using the fewest hoses and keeping the hose within the machine's range. To achieve this, the hose should be bent as if it were positioned in the imaging hinge. Otherwise, the hose may tend to take an S-bend, which is most likely to occur when the hose is pushed rather than bent. S-shaped elbow installation can result in excessive movement and a short service life.

When working the hose through the pivot point, consider the relative positioning of the two end fittings to avoid S-bends. Swing the moving part to its furthest point where the hose will experience its widest bend. If the fitting is placed in a parallel plane at this point, the hose will tend to bend in a hinge-like manner as the component swivels to the opposite end of its stroke.

5. Reciprocating motion In addition to bending, the ends of the hose may have to reciprocate. There are several ways to do this:

Hose Reels - When used with high pressure hydraulic hoses, these reels are equipped with high pressure swivel joints and spring return to aid hose retraction. The hanging hose is suspended in the loop of the cable. When a point of the ring is away from another point, the ring opens to form an almost straight line. The rolling hoses are arranged in an unbalanced U shape with a hinge rail for carrying the hose. One leg remains stationary and longer than the second leg, which is free to reciprocate parallel to the first leg.

6. Rotary motion rotary joints or rotary joints are commonly used to provide rotational motion. In the case of continuous rotation motion, specify the rotary joint. If the motion is pivoted and reversed, a swivel joint would be a better choice. When used with a hose, the swivel joint will prevent the hose from twisting or bending at the fitting.

7. Control of oil injection When the hydraulic line is placed near a potentially hazardous area of ​​heat, fire protection measures must be taken. This prevents the oil in the dotted line from splashing onto any potential source of ignition. There are several ways to establish such protection:

Rerouted through a tunnel made of steel, channel or angle iron. A metal plate baffle is installed between the line and the potential ignition source. Route the line through a large, open hose or casing so that oil can flow out of the end in the event of a line failure. Use a fireproof sleeve mounted on the hose or built into the hose cover. To prevent a failed hose that may squirm and spray hydraulic oil on the ignition source, anchor the hose to the hydraulically connected parts.

8. The minimum bend radius hose must be routed to accommodate the minimum bend radius of the hose (Figure 3). The minimum bend radii for different hose diameters and pressure ratings are provided in the SAE and hose manufacturer literature. These numbers generally refer to the minimum bend radius at the maximum working pressure of the static line. Bending the hose to less than the minimum radius may result in excessive kinking of the hose and excessive stress at the hose or fitting interface. As a result, the cover may be more susceptible to cracking or the internal wire reinforcement may fatigue more quickly, both of which will reduce the service life.

9. Avoid wear The hydraulic hose usually has a strong outer cover to protect the hose reinforcement from wear or moisture. However, constant wear at one point will eventually pierce the outer cover and weaken the reinforcement. This is the primary cause of on-site hydraulic hose failure. To minimize wear, either properly lay and clamp the hose or use a protective cover (Figure 3, again). A variety of protective layers are available, including coil springs, spiral strips, spiral plastics and nylon sleeves.

10. Clamp the pipe installation until the correct clamping is completed. Fixture selection is very important and usually it is critical for installation (Figure 4). Ordinary metal plate clamps cannot accommodate large high pressure hoses. Good fixtures can be cheap, but are highly effective for high voltage surge lines. It is expected and planned to vary the possible length of the high voltage line from 2% to 4%. Proper wiring and clamping should be planned to avoid vibrating areas. Also, never clamp the hose on the elbow.

Strain/flex Reliefs And Grommets

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