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Automotive electronic dashboard
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1. Vacuum fluorescent display (VFD)
The light produced by the VFD is like the picture tube in a TV set. A heated filament emits free electrons that strike the phosphor to produce a blue-green light. The filament is actually a coated resistance wire that is heated by current and the coating produces free electrons that are accelerated by the magnetic field of the acceleration grid. Since the voltage of the anode is higher than the gate, electrons are attracted through the wire mesh holes of the gate to the anode. The anode voltage is only applied to the section where the display character needs to be formed. The self-owned electronic high-speed impact of these display sections to which the anode high voltage is applied produces a blue-green meter display. The computer of the electronic instrument panel controls the character segments that need to display illumination through the drive circuit.
The brightness of the VFD can be controlled by increasing or decreasing the acceleration gate voltage. A higher gate voltage will increase the display brightness of the meter.
Another method of controlling the brightness of the VFD is to control the display with a pulse width modulated voltage signal. When the duty cycle of the VFD increases, the display becomes brighter; decreasing the duty cycle of the VFD shows that the brightness is weakened. (This type of control is often used on Chrysler and Ford vehicles in the United States.)
2, liquid crystal display (LCD)
This is a kind of instrument display method that we are more familiar with. In LCDs, the principle of polarized light is used to display numbers and characters on nematic liquid crystals. The LCD requires only a small amount of current to operate, but there must be background light in the dark to see its display. LCDs are only used in digital electronic instruments under normal conditions.
3, light-emitting diodes (LED)
This is the most familiar device for everyone. It is particularly eye-catching in the dark, but it is not easy to see under direct sunlight. In a display using LEDs, the LEDs are arranged in letters or in a specific shape, and the driving circuit controls the operation of the LEDs.
EIC function
For the sake of explanation, we use the electronic panel of Ford Company of America as an example to illustrate
First, the scale shows:
1. Engine temperature gauge.
2. Fuel gauge.
The computer of the electronic instrument panel receives the input signal from the engine water Temperature Sensor and the fuel gauge sensor in the fuel tank, and drives the converted temperature chart and fuel gauge after the conversion.
3. Warning indicator light. It includes: A, airbags, B, brakes, C, anti-lock brakes, D, engine fault indicators, E, seat belts, F, oil pressure, and some other auxiliary devices.
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