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The green lighting LED is a new type of light source product, which has the characteristics of no flicker, no ultraviolet light, low heat radiation and no harm to the human eye. At present, consumers only know about the characteristics of this product from the network or advertising, and can not directly observe the product characteristics and how to choose the energy-saving products that suit them in the family.
In order to be able to reflect the characteristics of these three light source products, this article from the perspective of ordinary users, on the market for three typical light sources (self-ballasted LED lights (yellow light), self-ballasted LED lights (white light), from The ballast LED lights) were tested separately.
These include the performance test of the light source with the integrating sphere and the photobiosafety characteristic test, so that an intuitive judgment and analysis can be made for these three types of products.
The tested equipments are: 2.0mm integrating sphere and supporting visible light spectrum analysis system and optical radiation safety testing system. In this paper, the above three products are tested separately by these two devices (see,).
Integrating sphere test table 1 Data test principle obtained by the integrating sphere test system: After the test item is self-ballasted, the fluorescent light is incident on the input hole, the light is evenly reflected and diffused inside the ball, forming uniform light on the spherical surface. Strong distribution, so the light from the output aperture is a very uniform diffused beam. Moreover, the incident angle, spatial distribution, and polarity of the incident light do not affect the intensity and uniformity of the output beam. At the same time, because the light is evenly distributed through the inside of the integrating sphere, the integrating sphere can also be used as a light attenuator. The output intensity to input intensity ratio is about: the area of ​​the light output hole / the surface area inside the integrating sphere. The optical performance and spectrogram of these three types of products can be obtained by the integrating sphere test system (see 5). The test results are shown in Table 1. In simple terms, the luminous flux per unit of power. From the test data, the luminous efficacy of the self-ballasted fluorescent lamp is greater than that of the self-ballasted LH lamp, but the self-ballasted LED lamp. The power is only 4.5W (a) and 11.1W (b), which is much larger than the 17.5W of self-ballasted fluorescent lamps. The current white light Lro light effect is about 30-50lm/W, but LED has long life, energy saving and environmental protection functions, and will be more and more recognized in the future lighting field.
The color rendering index of the lamp can reach 80±3, and the yellow color rendering of the self-ballasted LED lamp can reach 80 or so, but the color rendering of white light is worse, and it can be around 70.
There are two kinds of display evaluation: special color rendering index brother = 1 - 4.6aE and general color rendering index Ra. Currently, white Lro is now commonly produced by BY method (blue LED + yellow phosphor), usually lacking red light. Therefore, we must pay special attention to the color rendering index R9. During the test, we found that R9 is negative, which will have a certain effect on the color rendering of this lamp. Therefore, for the color rendering of self-ballasted LEDs, in addition to considering the general color rendering index Ra, the special color rendering index should also be considered.
B. Optical Radiation Safety Test The photobiosafety test is carried out by the UK's first spectroradiometer measurement device. It mainly measures the illuminance (Irradiance) and Radiance of the luminaire to evaluate the effects of light radiation on the eyes and skin. damage. Therefore, the photometer 2 obtains the color rendering index of the three products through the measurement of the integrating sphere. The color rendering index category of the incandescent lamp self-ballasted fluorescent lamp self-ballasted LED lamp a self-ballasted LED lamp b table 3 test result: radiation Hazard parameter test product test item project from ballast fluorescent lamp (18W6500K) test distance (mm) to corner a (rad) illuminance E (lx) photochemical ultraviolet hazard Es (W / m2) blue light source Eb (W / m2) eyes Near-ultraviolet hazard Euva (W/m2) eyes infrared radiation hazard Eir (W / m2) skin heat hazard Eh retinal blue light hazard LB (W / m2 / sr) retinal thermal hazard LR (W / m2 / sr) retinal heat weak Hil (W/m2/sr) test conclusions. Safety of non-hazardous substances can be called optical radiation safety. If the process of illuminating materials of light source products is not good, in addition to visible light, ultraviolet light, blue light or infrared light will be Transmitted to produce different degrees of photochemical UV damage and infrared radiation (heat) hazards to human eyes and skin. In particular, LED blue light is particularly serious for photochemical damage to the human retina. Therefore, it is required to conduct optical radiation safety testing of light source products at home and abroad.
Radiance measurement model: detector aperture 7mm, test spectrum wavelength range 3~700nm, test distance 500lux position (normal illumination) or 200mm (except general illumination, see,), test results are shown in Table 3. Strong, only introduced light biology Test requirements for safety features. From the results, the photobiosafety level of the traditional energy-saving lamps is the same as the new self-ballasted LED lamps. However, from the above table, it can be seen that under the same illumination of 500lx: self-ballasted LH) lamp self-ballasted LH) lamp a (11W2700K) the longest distance, self-ballasted LED lamp b (4.5W6500K) second The distance from the ballast fluorescent lamp is the shortest.
That is to say, the LED lamp with high power will have greater illumination at the same distance.
The value of the near-ultraviolet hazard to the eye is larger, and the retinal blue light from the ballasted LED lamp b is the most harmful. From the measured spectrum, the conclusion can also be drawn from the self-ballasted LED lamp b blue spectrum portion. Be significantly larger than the other two sources. Self-ballasted LED lights b Another test data retinal thermal hazard is much larger than the other two sources.
Although the test results are within the standard limits, it appears to the human eye that there is no hazard under the current conditions, but it is also necessary to avoid possible hazards. This requires the continuous improvement of modern technology to avoid and improve the inadequacies of self-ballasted LEDs, and gradually replace existing energy-saving products.
(Continued on page 27) Other components should comply with the relevant requirements of IEC61347-1.
If the lamp is designed for use in a wet environment, the following tests are required: durability test using IEC 60598 section 12.3 for 10 days, ambient temperature is the nominal maximum ambient temperature of the lamp is 10 ° C. Head light Seat seal.
62471 Photobiosafety Requirements In all cases, the lamp shall not exceed the IEC62471 photobiohazard class RG1. LED lamps are emerging products and are cross products of light sources and luminaires. The 34A/1501/NP standard supplements the blank of LED lamp standards, guides the production and application of LED lamps, unifies the means of testing and testing, and also follows up and upgrades with technological changes.
(Continued from page 23) This article analyzes the performance of the product for two typical light sources (self-ballasted fluorescent lamps, self-ballasted LED lamps), mainly from test principles and test results. Performance characteristics of self-ballasted fluorescent lamps: At present, it is still the mainstream household lighting products. It has the characteristics of high luminous efficiency, good color rendering and special color rendering index, and light bio-radiation safety, and its development is relatively mature, compared with the current one. Self-ballasted LED lamps also have great advantages in terms of price; but at the same time, self-ballasted fluorescent lamps use phosphors and mercury to stimulate phosphors. Due to the lack of international and domestic rare earth resources, they will inevitably lead to self-ballasted fluorescent lamps. The cost increases. Moreover, the presence of mercury can cause pollution to the surrounding environment, and the light decay of the self-ballasted fluorescent lamp during use makes the life of the current lamp generally short, resulting in a large amount of waste that cannot be recycled and is harmful to the environment.
Characteristics of self-ballasted LED lights: The new light source products have the advantages of long life, energy saving and environmental protection, but at the same time, they still have certain problems, such as the small luminous flux of single LED modules and heat dissipation. At the same time, due to the white LED produced by the BY method, the red light is usually lacking, and the special display index may even have a negative value. This has certain defects for some indoor lighting, and the photobioradiation safety value is higher than that of the self-ballasted fluorescent lamp. If the control of the process is not good, it is easy to cause harm to the human eye.
This article mainly tests the existing typical light source random sampling, can not fully represent the sales products on the market, through the detailed comparison of the test results of these three light sources, let more people understand the characteristics of LED products, in the future life and Some problems can be noticed during use, and some performance concerns are paid when purchasing a light source product. It is believed that with the continuous development of science and technology, it can solve these problems arising from the current self-ballasted LED lights and gradually replace the traditional self-ballasted fluorescent lamps.
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