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One by one, in tandem, Qualcomm has grown from a small business to a chip empire. Cdma2000 is one of the 3G standards based on Qualcomm CDMA technology. As of 2012, the number of cdma2000 users worldwide has exceeded 256 million, and 156 operators in 70 countries have used 3G CDMA services, all without exception.
On the other side of the Atlantic Ocean, 10,000 kilometers from Beijing, the state of California is the second largest city in the state known for its warm climate and beautiful beaches. In addition to tourism, the missile and aircraft manufacturing industry here is well developed, and it has also bred the world's most famous radiocommunication company, Qualcomm.
Qualcomm's headquarters is not in the city center of San Diego, but in the suburbs. Qualcomm’s headquarters is not a building, but a group of buildings that are densely populated on the outskirts of Santiago.
The main building of Qualcomm Headquarters has 10 floors. In the conference room of this building, Jacob and his hundreds of staff members have made a number of important initiatives that affect the development and transformation of the global communications industry.
The shape of the building is very strange. The Qualcomm Patent Wall is written in blue on the first and second floors of the hall. There are 1395 CDMA patents on this wall, but this is only Qualcomm. 1/10 of the "patent pool". The patent wall is one of the must-see places that visitors come to Qualcomm. It seems that when you arrive in Beijing, you must climb the Great Wall once.
In 1985, a 51-year-old man and his six friends decided to start a company just to pass the retirement time and exert some heat. They should not have thought that this decision would have such a profound impact on today's communications business. If they think of it, they may not wait until they retire to start a business.
Just 22 years later, Qualcomm became the "world's largest wireless chip supplier" for the first time in the first quarter of 2007. It was squeezed out of the world by another global semiconductor company, Texas Instruments (45.67, -0.20). , -0.44%) company.
In 29 years, Qualcomm's number of employees has grown from 7 to 31,000, and it has expanded from a small house on the side of a cemetery to 177 offices in 41 countries around the world.
In August 2012, Qualcomm's market capitalization reached $114.8 billion, which is the first time in Qualcomm's history to surpass Intel, one of the most important competitors (24.73, -0.11, -0.44%). The market value of the latter is 112.8 billion US dollars, although there is only a gap of about 2 billion US dollars, but two years ago, Qualcomm's market value is only half of Intel's.
In 2013, the global smartphone application processor market transaction volume was 18 billion US dollars, which is equivalent to selling 2011 million iPhone 5S in China. Among them, Qualcomm took the lead with more than half of the share, more than three times the second apple. Another chip is the leader - Intel's market share is only 1/270 of Qualcomm.
Snapdragon is the star of the Qualcomm family, which was born in 2007. In order to let Snapdragon have a nice and auspicious Chinese name in China, Qualcomm used 60 days to collect and select the appropriate name from the whole society. In the end, more than 100 names entered the ranks of candidates. The reason for choosing “éªé¾™â€ is because the word “éªâ€ means strong and brave, indicating that this new film will be invincible in the market.
The Snapdragon processor did not disappoint Qualcomm. As of the end of 2013, more than 420,770 smartphones and tablets worldwide use the processor, and more than 400,450 terminals using Opteron processors are under development. The closely watched Xiaomi 3 Qualcomm version was delayed because it was “to wait for Qualcomm’s Snapdragon processorâ€.
China has always been a big country in chip imports. Last year, for example, China’s chip imports exceeded 200 billion U.S. dollars. This figure has been climbing in recent years. In 2013, the total amount of Chinese consumer goods imported was only 232.3 billion U.S. dollars, including imported cars, watches and clothing.
Qualcomm's fiscal year 2013 report shows that Qualcomm's chip shipments reached 716 million last year, which is 716 times that of 1996. Last year's total revenue was $24.9 billion, which is basically 5.7 times the revenue of MediaTek, the world's third-largest IC design company. It is worth noting that more than 600 chip industries in China had sales of less than $15 billion last year. Surprisingly, Qualcomm’s pre-tax profit is close to 60%.
In 2011, only about 30% of Qualcomm's $15 billion in annual revenues, or $4.7 billion, came from China, and in 2013, China contributed 49% of the total, about $12.3 billion. These chips are used in Qualcomm's more than 110 partners in China, and Qualcomm chips are installed in almost every high-end smartphone.
In order to be more grounded, Qualcomm has opened four companies in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Xi'an, and established R&D centers in Beijing and Shanghai. In 2001, Qualcomm was admitted to the R&D center of Zhongguancun Building in Haidian District, Beijing, covering an area of ​​3,995 square meters. This was the tallest building in the Zhongguancun area at that time, and it was home to a gathering of Chinese higher education institutions. This is one of Qualcomm's few large-scale R&D centers overseas.
The patent is Qualcomm's housekeeping skills. According to incomplete statistics, Qualcomm currently has more than 13,000 patents, which are densely distributed in the core areas of 3G and 4G. Taking 3G as an example, Qualcomm has more than 3,900 CDMA patents, accounting for 27% of the total number of CDMA patents, monopolizing 92% of the global CDMA market, and 100% monopoly to China.
In the face of partners, Qualcomm often has higher patent fees. Taking mobile phones as an example, Qualcomm generally charges 4% to 6% of the terminal price for mobile phones using its chips. Note that it is not the price of the chip but the overall price of the terminal. Patent fees accounted for 31.6% of Qualcomm's $24.9 billion in revenue last year, about $7.878 billion. The mere patent fee is almost twice the revenue of MediaTek last year.
In the history of Qualcomm, it has been subject to anti-monopoly investigations in other countries or regions. As mentioned above, most of the anti-monopoly investigations ended in reconciliation, but in the Korean anti-monopoly in 2009, Qualcomm paid 208 million US dollars. The ticket was declared to end.
Qualcomm never hesitated when applying for patents and acquiring companies with core patents. As early as 2005, when most of the world's chip companies were still busy with the chip development in the 3G era, Qualcomm began to lay out the 4G market. In August of that year, Qualcomm spent $600 million to acquire Flarion Technologies. The company has a large number of core technologies and patents in the 4G era. Qualcomm’s $600 million not only gained access to these technologies and patents, but also reduced an enemy for itself.
Similar acquisitions are still in the history of Qualcomm. In the past two years, on January 6, 2011, Qualcomm spent $3.1 billion to acquire Innolux, an innovative technology company based on wireless and limited local connectivity; on June 18, 2012, Qualcomm acquired the US peak Microelectronics, the company that provides the perfect power management solution, makes Qualcomm's LTE chips even more powerful.
What is shocking is that on January 23 this year, HP sold 2,400 mobile technology patents to Qualcomm, of which 1,400 patents and pending applications were from the US, and another 1,000 patents and pending applications were from other countries. Most of the patents are closely related to the technology of the core mobile operating system, which allows Qualcomm to continue to maintain its edge against Intel, the rising star of mobile terminals.
In addition to the acquisition, Qualcomm invests a large amount of money each year in technology and patent research and development. From Qualcomm's inception to 2013, the company's investment in technology research and development has exceeded $27 billion. In 2013 alone, Qualcomm spent 20% of its revenue, or $5 billion, on research and development. MediaTek’s investment in research and development last year was only $884 million, less than one-fifth of Qualcomm’s.
China Unicom is the first partner of Qualcomm in China. On January 8, 2002, China Unicom's CDMA network was launched. After 9 months, it broke through 400 users. As of June 2005, China Unicom had more than 31 million CDMA users. Although this value is far from the users of China Mobile, it still shows a strong growth trend.
Cdma2000 is one of the 3G standards based on Qualcomm CDMA technology. As of 2012, the number of cdma2000 users worldwide has exceeded 256 million, and 156 operators in 70 countries have used 3G CDMA services, all without exception.
With the issuance of 4G licenses, Qualcomm's strategic layout has been confirmed. In the first quarter of last year, China Mobile announced the launch of its 4G terminal purchases in 2013, and more than 60% of its products use chips designed by Qualcomm. Among the planned 4G mobile phone products, Samsung, Huawei, and ZTE all use Qualcomm chips. At present, there are more than 55 4G LTE companies in China and Qualcomm.
Of course, Qualcomm is not limited to the chip design of smart terminals, Qualcomm is also very interested in other fields, such as the Internet car field. This is not an imaginary. At the 2014 CES show, Qualcomm exhibited the world's first car with 4G LTE solution. Of course, the support of Qualcomm Snapdragon chip is indispensable.
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