Analysis of the future development trend of solar vehicles

At the Guangzhou Auto Show, which opened on November 18th, Hanergy Group exhibited Solar R, a full-powered solar-powered car, which was the third time Hanergy Solar Motors appeared in public. Hanergy’s earliest release of solar-powered vehicles was held at the “National Volkswagen Entrepreneurship Innovation Week” held in Beijing last October. The Hanergy SolarPower model was approved by the Prime Minister and the Minister of Science and Technology Wan Gang. Will solar cars become a new type of new energy vehicle? This article will do a detailed analysis.

Audi Benz Toyota began selling solar cars ten years ago

Solar cars are not really new. Ten years ago, many international automakers used solar panels to generate electricity on their traditional car roofs. Because of the high cost of solar panels, they were much smaller than Hanergy solar cars. The earliest record is the W211 E240 solar in-vehicle cooling system released by Mercedes-Benz in 2002. The solar panel mounted on the rear of the roof can continue to supply power to the in-vehicle electronic equipment after the vehicle is turned off. The first generation of the Audi A6 Allroad also used solar sunroof to power the blower. I also saw this car when I visited the Shanghai auto market in 2006. In addition, the third-generation Toyota Prius, which was launched in 2010, is also equipped with a solar sunroof, which has an area of ​​0.4 square meters. In addition to cooling the inside of the car when the engine is turned off, the generated electricity can help the car drive 15 miles per day. The cost is $3,500. In recent years, solar power technology has also begun to be applied in medium-sized cars of around 200,000. For example, Skoda's high-end version also carries 0.27 square meters of solar panels, and its post-loading market price is 8,000 yuan.

Skoda 昊 sharp high version equipped with solar panels

Solar technology has quietly entered domestic cars and buses

According to relevant information, Chinese companies have mastered the technology of complete vehicles and core components for solar vehicles. In 2009, the Yingli Photovoltaic Application Technology Research Institute in Baoding, Hebei developed a solar cell for the roof and passed the technical performance test of the Tianjin Automotive Technology Research Center. In 2010, BYD launched the F3DM low-carbon version of the dual-mode new energy vehicle, equipped with a roof-top solar battery charging system like a panoramic sunroof, which can charge the vehicle's power battery. The system is priced at about 20,000 yuan. In 2012, Heilongjiang Longhua Automobile Co., Ltd. developed a 12-meter solar-electric hybrid electric vehicle. In March 2016, Heilongjiang Longhua Automobile Co., Ltd. delivered 25 electric and electric energy new energy buses with auxiliary energy to Changzhou Public Transport Group Co., Ltd. in Changzhou, Jiangsu. In addition, at the 2015 Beijing International Road Transport Exhibition, Nanjing Jinlong exhibited a 11-meter solar electric bus, and the solar photovoltaic panel was installed on the roof with an area of ​​15 square meters. It can be seen that in addition to the Hanergy Group, many companies in China have developed solar cars. However, due to the current high cost of solar panels, the country has no subsidies, resulting in the current sales of domestic solar vehicles is very small.

Nanjing Jinlong Solar Electric Bus

Electric sports car new expensive began to pay attention to solar energy

The Toyota Prius PHV plug-in hybrid has begun to install a solar panel on the roof to charge the vehicle, which can help the vehicle to increase energy efficiency by 10%. Currently, the Prius PHV model has been sold in Japan, the US and Europe. In October of this year, there was a network news that Tesla's upcoming Model 3 model might adopt solar roof technology, and this new technology may be Tesla's newly developed embedded solar cell "Tesla glass". ", its function is to collect solar energy to generate electricity and supply power to some electronic components in the car. In addition, in 2014, Wanxiang Group acquired the Fisker electric sports car brand in the United States and renamed it “Elux”. In the future, the first pure electric sports car Elux Reveno will adopt large-area roof solar panels, which can be The car provides enough power. With the advancement of photovoltaic technology, solar panels will soon enter the automotive market on a large scale.

Toyota Prius PHV plug-in hybrid car roof installed solar panels

Solar car is not a false proposition

At present, the leading company in China's solar-powered vehicles is the Hanergy Group. They have invested a lot of money and manpower to promote the development of this new technology in the Chinese market, although some people have raised questions about cost and mass production. The author believes that the application scenario of solar energy vehicles proposed by Hanergy can be charged for 8-6 hours per day and can travel for 80 kilometers. It can meet the needs of many consumers in China. According to Shanghai New Energy Vehicle Data Center's statistics on the operation data of more than 50,000 new energy vehicles in Shanghai, Shanghai New Energy owners have an average driving mileage of only 31 kilometers per day, so the long driving range can only increase the weight and cost. In addition, Tesla has received a ticket in Singapore this year because Singapore has converted the electricity consumed by electric vehicles into carbon dioxide emissions. The calculation results show that the carbon dioxide emissions of Model S exceed the standard, and the top experts in the domestic new energy vehicle industry, Wang Binggang and Yang. Academician Yu Sheng also called for blindly increasing the driving range of electric vehicles, which will lead to more environmental pollution. In addition, in China, low-speed electric vehicles are a big market. The technical parameters of Hanergy solar vehicles coincide with low-speed electric vehicles. This parameter also meets the technical requirements of the United States Electric Electric Vehicle. Exported to the outside world. Therefore, solar vehicles will become a mainstream technical route for new energy vehicles in the future.

Many innovative technologies of Hanergy Solar Car

At present, Hanergy Solar Vehicles adopts a number of advanced technologies to make the vehicle's drag coefficient the lowest, the driving energy consumption is the smallest, and the user experience is better. The body is made of carbon brazing material. At present, only BMW has this core technology. The i3 and i8 electric vehicles made by BMW with carbon brazing materials are more than 300 kilograms lighter than traditional cars. They are more energy-saving and environmentally friendly, so they are very expensive in overseas markets. Best seller. In addition, Hanergy solar car Solar L innovatively uses gull-wing technology to create a larger access for passengers than traditional push-pull doors. Currently, this technology is only mass-produced on Tesla Model X luxury electric vehicles. This car camera replaces the traditional exterior mirrors, which is the first in the industry. The driver can observe the situation on both sides of the car through the large screen of the center console. This not only makes the whole car look more beautiful, but also reduces the drag coefficient. Ergonomic.

Hanergy Solar Power Car Solar R

Industrialization path of Hanergy Solar Car

The core technology of Hanergy Solar is to use solar panels to generate electricity, replace traditional charging station technology, get rid of the dependence on charging stations, and establish a new concept of “mobile charging”. In terms of photovoltaic technology, Hanergy has been creating and maintaining a world record for the conversion rate of thin film solar cells. Its gallium arsenide thin film solar cell technology has achieved a maximum conversion rate of 31.6%. In addition, due to the National Development and Reform Commission's policy on the qualification of new energy vehicles for Chinese companies, Hanergy does not rule out cooperation with car manufacturers or use the foundry model to solve the problem of licenses for solar vehicles. At present, Hanergy can provide high-efficiency solar panels with solar vehicle projects of many car companies, and can also cooperate with foundries. At present, in China's auto industry, foundry is an innovative business model that solves the problem of innovative enterprises making cars without qualifications. The successful case that can be borrowed is that the Internet company Weilai Auto entrusted Jianghuai Automobile to produce the first generation of electric vehicles. Audi commissioned SAIC to produce the Shanghai version of Audi.

Future solar panel costs are only equivalent to one year's car fuel bill

At the Guangzhou Auto Show's solar car product launch conference, Mr. Zhang Bin, senior vice president of the Hanergy Group, introduced that with the large-scale popularization of thin film power generation technology, the market application scenario of this technology is very broad, including solar cars, high-altitude long-haul time. Human-machine, wearable equipment, etc., the cost of future gallium arsenide thin film chips will drop to 1 US dollar / watt, for example, a car with 6 square meters of solar panels, the cost is only $ 1,800 more than ordinary electric vehicles ( 12,000 yuan), this is only equivalent to the fuel cost of a regular gasoline vehicle for one year, so the market economic benefits are very obvious. Hanergy is currently considering a variety of business models to promote solar vehicle technology in the automotive industry. In the pre-installation market, Hanergy can supply solar panels to automotive glass suppliers, which are integrated into the mezzanine of the front windshield and sunroof glass. In the aftermarket, Hanergy solar chips can also be installed on the roof to power car-mounted appliances.

Commercialization of solar vehicles must use body lightweight technology

Yin Chengliang, Dean of the Automotive Engineering Research Institute of Shanghai Jiaotong University, believes that the application of lightweight body technology is an important technical path to realize the commercialization of solar vehicles. According to the theoretical calculation, the weight of the car will be reduced by half, and the driving range will be doubled. Among the existing automotive lightweight materials such as aluminum body, magnesium alloy and carbon brazing, carbon brazing is the mainstream technology path in the future. In foreign countries, BMW has used carbon brazing materials to produce i3 and i8 electric vehicles, and sold them globally two years ago. In China, Shanghai Jiaotong University has cooperated with General Motors of the United States to develop the Chevrolet EN-V 2.0 electric vehicle, which uses domestically produced carbon brazing lightweight materials. It has already launched a new energy vehicle in Shanghai for more than a year. Timeshare rental car sharing project operations. Therefore, the future solar car will definitely use carbon brazing lightweight materials.

Solar energy is the new energy vehicle solution that best suits China's national conditions.

Mr. Han Xiaoping, Chief Information Officer of China Energy Network, believes that China's new energy vehicles are mainly electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles. Since thermal power generation is China's main source of electricity, from the perspective of the energy Internet ecosystem, The current Chinese new energy vehicle solutions are not environmentally friendly. In Japan, Toyota-led car companies use fuel cells as the ultimate electric vehicle energy source, which has a lot to do with Japan's energy structure. In fact, hydrogen fuel requires a lot of strict technical measures such as low temperature and high pressure during storage and transportation. In addition, hydrogen has a small molecular weight, which is easy to leak during storage. This problem was solved in the previous fuel cell vehicle project of Tsinghua University. happened before. Therefore, in general, solar vehicles are the new energy vehicle solutions that best meet China's national conditions.

Solar cars have a vast market around the world

Mr. Zhang Yi, editor-in-chief of the “Global Car Talk” section of Xinhua News Agency, said that he has visited many domestic and foreign auto companies. In Japan, he found that Honda's car factory purchased Hanergy's thin-film solar panels for many years. In China, Futian is also working with Hanergy to develop a solar car project. In addition, the Chinese auto industry is also very concerned about the Hanergy solar film on-board power generation technology. The Xinhua News Agency reported on Hanergy Solar Cars that the reading volume has exceeded 750,000. At present, China is already the world's largest carbon dioxide emitter, and existing gasoline vehicles and new energy vehicles will directly and indirectly generate carbon dioxide emissions. From the perspective of the existing energy structure, solar energy is one of the greatest gifts that nature gives us. At present, domestic and foreign car companies including Tesla and BYD are studying solar vehicle technology, so solar vehicles have a broad market in the world.

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