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This power supply dark line detector, the circuit is simple and easy to make. Easy to use and high sensitivity. It also has a detection effect on the high voltage electric field. Suitable for inside maintenance personnel. The circuit diagram is shown in the figure below.
First, the circuit composition and working principle can be seen from the figure. VF, Rl, R2, RP and antenna A constitute an electric field detecting head. VTI is an electronically controlled switch. VT2, VT3, C2, and R4 form a low frequency voltage controlled oscillation circuit. VL and B are detection electric field signals and sound and light indications. S is the power switch. E is the power source.
Working principle: VF is an N-channel junction field effect transistor, which has a very high input impedance. Very sensitive to voltage response, is a voltage control component. The probe is made using its above characteristics.
When there is alternating current in the wire. An alternating electric field is generated around the wire. When the antenna A senses the voltage of the alternating electric field signal, the voltage between G and S of the VF changes, and the resistance between D and S also changes, causing the current between D and S to also change. At the same time, the voltage drop across the RP also changes, and as a result of these changes, the base of VT1 is triggered by the trigger signal. The conduction of VT1 starts the low frequency voltage controlled oscillation circuit. Make VL glow, B makes a sound. The power line dark line detector is not only sensitive, but also sound and light, the red light is eye-catching, and the sound is sensitive!
Second, the component selection and production of the power line line detector, is a self-made gadget, so there are no special requirements for components, disassembled parts, can be used. VF uses 3DJ6 N-channel junction field effect transistor: VT1 uses 3CC3 or 3CG6, etc.: VT2 uses 3DG6 or 9014 β>50, and VT3 uses 3AX31 or 9012B>80. The resistor uses a small resistor with a power of l/8. Horizontal trimming resistor for RP. Capacitor C2 uses a ceramic capacitor.
Small electrolytic capacitors for CI and C3. The VL uses a 3mm red LED. B uses a φ12mm piezoelectric buzzer. S uses a small toggle switch. E uses 2 No. 5 batteries. A can be made of thin copper or thin iron with a size of 2cm x 6cm. The battery clip is self-made (or the battery case is removed from the old toy and replaced directly).
Install the components (except VL and B) on a 2.5cmx5cm homemade circuit board and find a suitable plastic flat box. The approximate size is 6cmx7.5cmx2cm (depending on the materials at hand). The box used by the author is: made from the Panda brand plastic cigarette case made in Shanghai.
Install switch S on the side of the box. Solder a wire at the center of the antenna A, and make a small hole in the center of the front surface of the box, introduce the wire into the box from the small hole, and use the universal glue. Stick A to the front face of the box. Make a small hole in the appropriate position on the lid to expose the VL: and fix it with glue. At the same time, B is also fixed. Leave a sound hole and connect all the wires.
In order to prevent human body induction, a non-metallic handle is glued on the back end of the box with AB glue. The author uses a two-color number pen to make the handle very well. The first half of the pen is red and the second half is black. Its specifications are about: red head φ1.5cm. Black big head φ2cm. 15cm long. The assembly diagram of the whole machine is shown in Figure 2.
Third, commissioning inspection After welding is correct, install the battery, turn on the power switch, if the VL light at this time, adjust the RP to extinguish it. Then, the detector antenna A is aligned with the dark line of the power supply in the known wall, and is in contact with the wall surface, and the RP is adjusted to make the VL emit the strongest and no flash. B beeps. Then move the detector up and down in parallel (the power supply dark line is horizontal). The VL should be extinguished at 5 cm above and below the dark line, and vice versa. Then at the junction of the upper and lower Scm, it is the detected dark line of the power supply. If it is a dark line that runs vertically, it moves left and right. It needs to be debugged several times, but the sensitivity cannot be adjusted too high. Too high error is large. The power line dark line detector has a detection depth of about 5 cm. Generally, the depth of the embedded dark line is about 3cm. If there is an error in the wall moisture detection, the commissioning is over. Covering the lid, this homemade power supply dark line detector was successful.
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