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EMC includes two parts: EMI (electromagnetic interference) and EMS (electromagnetic immunity). The so-called EMI electromagnetic interference refers to the electromagnetic noise generated by the machine itself that is not conducive to other systems in the process of performing its due function; and EMS refers to The ability of the machine to not be affected by the surrounding electromagnetic environment in the process of performing its functions.
In the design of electronic products, in order to obtain a good EMC performance and cost ratio, it is important to carry out the EMC design of the product; the EMC performance of the electronic product is given by the design. The test only uses a certain quantitative method to characterize the inherent EMC performance of electronic products. For EMC design:
First of all, EMC design should be considered in the early stage of R&D
If the EMC problem is not considered in the early stage of product design, only hope to solve it in the test stage (indicated by solving the EMC problem of the designed product through rectification, so a lot of manpower and material resources are invested in the later stage of testing/verification and rectification). Then, even if the product rectification is successful, in most cases, the rectification involves changes in circuit principles, PCB design, and structural molds, which will greatly increase R&D costs and greatly extend the cycle. Only by considering and predicting EMC issues in the pre-product design process, turning EMC into a controllable design technology, paralleling and synchronizing with the process of product functional design, can the product be designed at once.
Secondly, EMC design should be systematically carried out
Improving the EMC performance of electronic products through design is definitely not given by the EMC experts in the enterprise alone, because it is absolutely impossible for EMC to exist without product hardware, structure and other physical objects. Therefore, to make the designed electronic products achieve good EMC performance at one time, it is necessary to improve the EMC experience and awareness of product design engineers. For example, hardware engineers should master the basic knowledge of EMI and EMS anti-interference design in addition to the circuit design knowledge that they must master before; PCB design engineers need to master the corresponding device layout, stacking design, and high-speed wiring EMC design knowledge; structural engineers It is also necessary to understand the design knowledge of the shielding of the product structure. Because these engineers who participate in product design together, to realize the opinions put forward by FMC experts in the product design process, they must understand and comprehend the mystery of the suggestions put forward by EMC experts, and combine them with the design characteristics of their respective fields to combine all The germination of EMC problems is eliminated in the product design stage. Only all developers involved in product design can improve EMC quality together to design electronic products with high performance EMC.
In general, the design of electronic products does not consider EMC issues, it will lead to EMC test failure, so that it can not pass the certification of relevant laws and regulations. The following figure outlines the main points of EMC, EMI, and ESD review.
Main points of EMC, EMI, ESD review
Main points of EMC, EMI, ESD review
With the development of electrical and electronic technology, household appliances have become increasingly popular and electronic, radio and television, post and telecommunications, computers and their networks have become increasingly developed, and the electromagnetic environment has become increasingly complex and deteriorating. This makes us gradually pay attention to the working environment of equipment and electromagnetic The impact of the environment on electronic equipment, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issues of electrical and electronic products have attracted more and more attention from engineers and manufacturers. In ESD protection, it can be roughly divided into two categories.
Conductive ESD protection
Some protection devices are mainly used to protect the electrostatic current in the circuit, and a protection circuit is formed in the front of the sensitive device to guide or dissipate the current. Such protective devices include ceramic capacitors, varistors, TVS tubes, etc.
Radiation ESD protection
For the field generated by static electricity to affect sensitive circuits, the main protection method is to reduce the generation and energy of the field as much as possible, increase the protection ability through the improvement of the structure, and protect the sensitive circuit. It is often difficult to protect the field, and a method called alleles has been explored in improved practice. By effectively framing, the shell forms a potential equal body to suppress discharge. Facts have proved that this method is effective and easy to implement.
There are many general methods to protect against static electricity, including reducing the accumulation of static electricity; insulating products to prevent static electricity from occurring; providing branch circuits to shunt static electricity for sensitive lines; shielding the circuits in the discharge area; reducing the loop area to protect the circuit from static electricity The influence of the magnetic field generated by the discharge. There are direct discharges, and there are couplings for the associated field.
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