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1. Green lighting project: It is jointly implemented by the State Economic and Trade Commission and the United Nations Environmental Protection Program. It aims to promote the development of the lighting industry and build a green lighting environment promotion plan in the whole society.
Second, green lighting: refers to the use of efficient green light source, scientifically designed to build an efficient, energy-saving, bright and comfortable lighting environment.
Third, green lighting technical indicators:
First, the light source emits sufficient light and the environment is bright.
The second is the color of the sun, seeing any color does not produce color shift (no discoloration), good color rendering performance.
Third, the luminous flux is stable, does not fluctuate, has no stroboscopic effect hazard, and has no light pollution, giving people a feeling of comfort.
The determinant of achieving green lighting technical indicators is the pros and cons of green light source technology performance.
Fourth, the main technical performance of green light source: high-quality green light source, should have the following main technical performance:
First, high luminous efficiency, high brightness, and high energy saving. Light effect: that is, the light energy generated by the light source per W electric power (commonly known as luminous flux). Unit: Lumens/Watt (Lm/w). The more light flux generated by the light source per W electric power, the higher the light efficiency, the higher the brightness, and the more energy is saved.
The second is the color of the sun, high color rendering performance. The spectrum of light produced by an electric light source, ie the color of the light, should be the color of the sun. In this way, when viewing the color of the surface of the object, the color of the surface of the object can be displayed without causing color shift or discoloration.
In order to express the performance of color rendering, the concept of color rendering index R value is introduced. With the solar light R=100 as the standard, the R value of the green light source should be: R≥85. The larger the color rendering index R value of the light source, the better the color rendering performance of the light source.
Third, the luminous flux is stable, non-fluctuating, and no stroboscopic effect hazard. The luminous flux produced by an electric light source is unstable, producing light fluctuations, called stroboscopic. The hazard of stroboscopic is called the stroboscopic effect. The stroboscopic effect is essentially light pollution, which is extremely harmful. For details of its hazard performance, see the article "On the Harmfulness of the Stroboscopic Effect of Electric Light Sources and Improving Technical Countermeasures".
At present, widely used T8 straight tube fluorescent lamps (inductive), incandescent lamps, high pressure mercury lamps, sodium lamps and other electric light sources. The fluctuation range of the luminous flux is 55-65%, and the fluctuating frequency is 100 weeks per second. The stroboscopic effect is very harmful.
The technical measure to eliminate the stroboscopic effect is to increase the electric power frequency for driving the illuminant of the electric light source. The green light source that drives the electric light source to emit light should have an electric power frequency of 40 KHz or more (CE certification is above 40 KHz) to avoid the stroboscopic effect.
It should be noted that due to some current manufacturers, the technology development capability is weak. On the market, electronic straight tube fluorescent lamps and most energy-saving lamps, the driving electric power frequency is only about 20KHz, and even as low as 15KHz. The luminous flux still has a fluctuation depth of 25-35%, and the stroboscopic effect is still very harmful.
5. Physical definition of some physical quantities of lighting technology:
1. Luminous flux: The light energy generated by an electric light source is called luminous flux and the unit is lumens (Lm). In a fixed space, the more light flux generated by an electric light source, the brighter the visual perception of the surrounding environment.
2, light effect: the luminous flux generated by the electric light source per w electric power is called light effect, the unit is lumens / watt (Lm / w). The more light flux generated by the electric light source per w electric power, the higher the efficiency with which the electric light source converts electrical energy into light energy.
3, effective pupil dim lumen (commonly known as effective visual light effect): refers to the light flux generated by the electric light source, which can be visually perceived by the human eye. The effective pupil lumen is a purely digital physical quantity, which indicates the effectiveness of the source luminous flux.
The higher the effective pupil dimming multiple of the electric light source, the higher the actual brightness of the light source. Therefore, in industrial and commercial lighting, a light source with a high effective lumen magnification should be selected. The effective pupil lumen lumen ratio of commonly used electric light sources.
4, color temperature: refers to the color of the light produced by the electric light source. For intuitive quantification, the concept of K-temperature is usually introduced for description. Color temperature is divided into: low color temperature, medium color temperature, high color temperature.
(1), low color temperature: K temperature is 2700K-3500K. For sunrises before 8 o'clock in the morning, the light emitted by sodium lamps, candlelights, etc. is a low color temperature. Contains long wave red and orange light. Its light color is softer, giving a warm and warm visual sense.
(2) Moderate color temperature: K temperature is 3500K-4500K. Such as after 8 o'clock in the morning, the sun before 10 o'clock. Containing less orange light and more blue light, its light color is soft and bright, giving a clear and comfortable visual sense.
(3), high color temperature: K temperature is 4500K-6500K. For example, after 10:00 am, the light emitted by the solar light before 2 pm, high-frequency high-efficiency energy-saving lamps, etc. is a high color temperature. It contains short-wave baskets and more green light. Its light color is natural sunlight, giving people a bright and comfortable visual sense.
The color temperature of the electric light source does not indicate the performance of the electric light source. The choice of the color temperature of the electric light source is mainly determined by the needs of the application and the lighting target. For industrial and commercial environment lighting, it is required to be bright and comfortable, and the color rendering performance is good. A high color temperature electric light source should be used.
5. Color rendering performance: The light emitted by an electric light source, showing the original color of the surface of the object. The higher the color rendering performance of the light source, the more realistic the surface color of the object. To quantify the color rendering performance, the concept of the color rendering index R value is introduced. With the solar light R=100 value as the standard, the R value of the electric light source is closer to 100, indicating that the color rendering performance of the electric light source is better. In industrial and commercial lighting, a light source with a large R value should be used.
6. Light source life: refers to the time from the lighting to the extinction of the electric light source, the unit is the hour (h).
7. Strobe and stroboscopic effects of electric light source: See the article "On the Harmfulness of Strobe Effect of Electric Light Source and Improvement of Technical Countermeasures".
8, brightness and illumination:
Brightness and illuminance are two physical quantities that are both related and different.
Brightness: refers to the brightness of the light that the person feels when looking at the light source. The brightness is determined by the color temperature of the light source and the luminous flux of the light source. The luminous flux of the light source is a decisive factor. The light source has a large luminous flux and a high brightness.
Illuminance: refers to the luminous flux of the unit illuminated by the light source that illuminates the surrounding space or the ground. The light source illuminates the surrounding space and the ground, and the illuminance is high.
The relationship between brightness and illuminance is different: brightness and illuminance are two physical quantities that are both related and different. The correlation point is the physical quantity that affects the brightness of the light source and the illumination level, that is, the luminous flux. The difference is: the luminous flux that affects the brightness of the light source, refers to the amount of light flux radiated from the surface of the light source; the luminous flux that affects the illumination of the light source refers to the amount of light flux that the light source radiates onto the illuminated surface (such as the wall, the ground, and the work surface). The positions of the two are different, the quantity relationship is different, and the external influence factors are also different. In actual production and living lighting design and measurement, the value of the physical quantity of illuminance is mainly evaluated.
Special Note:
The brightness of the light source is sometimes greatly affected by the color temperature. In a light source with the same luminous flux, a light source with a high color temperature produces a high-visual visual sense. This kind of "high-brightness" light source is not higher than other light sources, and the light effect is not higher than other light sources, just a glare "false light".
Second, green lighting: refers to the use of efficient green light source, scientifically designed to build an efficient, energy-saving, bright and comfortable lighting environment.
Third, green lighting technical indicators:
First, the light source emits sufficient light and the environment is bright.
The second is the color of the sun, seeing any color does not produce color shift (no discoloration), good color rendering performance.
Third, the luminous flux is stable, does not fluctuate, has no stroboscopic effect hazard, and has no light pollution, giving people a feeling of comfort.
The determinant of achieving green lighting technical indicators is the pros and cons of green light source technology performance.
Fourth, the main technical performance of green light source: high-quality green light source, should have the following main technical performance:
First, high luminous efficiency, high brightness, and high energy saving. Light effect: that is, the light energy generated by the light source per W electric power (commonly known as luminous flux). Unit: Lumens/Watt (Lm/w). The more light flux generated by the light source per W electric power, the higher the light efficiency, the higher the brightness, and the more energy is saved.
The second is the color of the sun, high color rendering performance. The spectrum of light produced by an electric light source, ie the color of the light, should be the color of the sun. In this way, when viewing the color of the surface of the object, the color of the surface of the object can be displayed without causing color shift or discoloration.
In order to express the performance of color rendering, the concept of color rendering index R value is introduced. With the solar light R=100 as the standard, the R value of the green light source should be: R≥85. The larger the color rendering index R value of the light source, the better the color rendering performance of the light source.
Third, the luminous flux is stable, non-fluctuating, and no stroboscopic effect hazard. The luminous flux produced by an electric light source is unstable, producing light fluctuations, called stroboscopic. The hazard of stroboscopic is called the stroboscopic effect. The stroboscopic effect is essentially light pollution, which is extremely harmful. For details of its hazard performance, see the article "On the Harmfulness of the Stroboscopic Effect of Electric Light Sources and Improving Technical Countermeasures".
At present, widely used T8 straight tube fluorescent lamps (inductive), incandescent lamps, high pressure mercury lamps, sodium lamps and other electric light sources. The fluctuation range of the luminous flux is 55-65%, and the fluctuating frequency is 100 weeks per second. The stroboscopic effect is very harmful.
The technical measure to eliminate the stroboscopic effect is to increase the electric power frequency for driving the illuminant of the electric light source. The green light source that drives the electric light source to emit light should have an electric power frequency of 40 KHz or more (CE certification is above 40 KHz) to avoid the stroboscopic effect.
It should be noted that due to some current manufacturers, the technology development capability is weak. On the market, electronic straight tube fluorescent lamps and most energy-saving lamps, the driving electric power frequency is only about 20KHz, and even as low as 15KHz. The luminous flux still has a fluctuation depth of 25-35%, and the stroboscopic effect is still very harmful.
5. Physical definition of some physical quantities of lighting technology:
1. Luminous flux: The light energy generated by an electric light source is called luminous flux and the unit is lumens (Lm). In a fixed space, the more light flux generated by an electric light source, the brighter the visual perception of the surrounding environment.
2, light effect: the luminous flux generated by the electric light source per w electric power is called light effect, the unit is lumens / watt (Lm / w). The more light flux generated by the electric light source per w electric power, the higher the efficiency with which the electric light source converts electrical energy into light energy.
3, effective pupil dim lumen (commonly known as effective visual light effect): refers to the light flux generated by the electric light source, which can be visually perceived by the human eye. The effective pupil lumen is a purely digital physical quantity, which indicates the effectiveness of the source luminous flux.
The higher the effective pupil dimming multiple of the electric light source, the higher the actual brightness of the light source. Therefore, in industrial and commercial lighting, a light source with a high effective lumen magnification should be selected. The effective pupil lumen lumen ratio of commonly used electric light sources.
4, color temperature: refers to the color of the light produced by the electric light source. For intuitive quantification, the concept of K-temperature is usually introduced for description. Color temperature is divided into: low color temperature, medium color temperature, high color temperature.
(1), low color temperature: K temperature is 2700K-3500K. For sunrises before 8 o'clock in the morning, the light emitted by sodium lamps, candlelights, etc. is a low color temperature. Contains long wave red and orange light. Its light color is softer, giving a warm and warm visual sense.
(2) Moderate color temperature: K temperature is 3500K-4500K. Such as after 8 o'clock in the morning, the sun before 10 o'clock. Containing less orange light and more blue light, its light color is soft and bright, giving a clear and comfortable visual sense.
(3), high color temperature: K temperature is 4500K-6500K. For example, after 10:00 am, the light emitted by the solar light before 2 pm, high-frequency high-efficiency energy-saving lamps, etc. is a high color temperature. It contains short-wave baskets and more green light. Its light color is natural sunlight, giving people a bright and comfortable visual sense.
The color temperature of the electric light source does not indicate the performance of the electric light source. The choice of the color temperature of the electric light source is mainly determined by the needs of the application and the lighting target. For industrial and commercial environment lighting, it is required to be bright and comfortable, and the color rendering performance is good. A high color temperature electric light source should be used.
5. Color rendering performance: The light emitted by an electric light source, showing the original color of the surface of the object. The higher the color rendering performance of the light source, the more realistic the surface color of the object. To quantify the color rendering performance, the concept of the color rendering index R value is introduced. With the solar light R=100 value as the standard, the R value of the electric light source is closer to 100, indicating that the color rendering performance of the electric light source is better. In industrial and commercial lighting, a light source with a large R value should be used.
6. Light source life: refers to the time from the lighting to the extinction of the electric light source, the unit is the hour (h).
7. Strobe and stroboscopic effects of electric light source: See the article "On the Harmfulness of Strobe Effect of Electric Light Source and Improvement of Technical Countermeasures".
8, brightness and illumination:
Brightness and illuminance are two physical quantities that are both related and different.
Brightness: refers to the brightness of the light that the person feels when looking at the light source. The brightness is determined by the color temperature of the light source and the luminous flux of the light source. The luminous flux of the light source is a decisive factor. The light source has a large luminous flux and a high brightness.
Illuminance: refers to the luminous flux of the unit illuminated by the light source that illuminates the surrounding space or the ground. The light source illuminates the surrounding space and the ground, and the illuminance is high.
The relationship between brightness and illuminance is different: brightness and illuminance are two physical quantities that are both related and different. The correlation point is the physical quantity that affects the brightness of the light source and the illumination level, that is, the luminous flux. The difference is: the luminous flux that affects the brightness of the light source, refers to the amount of light flux radiated from the surface of the light source; the luminous flux that affects the illumination of the light source refers to the amount of light flux that the light source radiates onto the illuminated surface (such as the wall, the ground, and the work surface). The positions of the two are different, the quantity relationship is different, and the external influence factors are also different. In actual production and living lighting design and measurement, the value of the physical quantity of illuminance is mainly evaluated.
Special Note:
The brightness of the light source is sometimes greatly affected by the color temperature. In a light source with the same luminous flux, a light source with a high color temperature produces a high-visual visual sense. This kind of "high-brightness" light source is not higher than other light sources, and the light effect is not higher than other light sources, just a glare "false light".
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