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The main task of any sensor or sensor-based system is to collect information, including temperature, flow rate, machine normal state or other measurement parameters. Sensor data generation is fairly easy to do and well understood, but transmitting data from sensors to monitoring or control systems is still a problem, due to the complexity of the cost of installing and maintaining communication networks. In particular, the lack of industry standards for wireless networks has complicated the sensor integration process and limited board-based development. Therefore, while sensors continue to become intelligent, they often cannot transmit data to remote systems.
Most sensors are hard-wired to the monitoring and control system, due to the lack of suitable reliable and economical wireless solutions. Wireless standards (including Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and ZigBee) increase flexibility over wired systems and reduce the risk of integrating patented wireless communications. However, many companies interested in wireless still do not know which technology to adopt. It has been a long time since the wireless communication was easy to install and the system was flexible, but the cost and reliability concerns still cannot be eliminated. Now, there are tens of millions of devices that use Wi-Fi and Bluetooth each year, and their costs have dropped significantly. ZigBee, the first wireless standard designed specifically for remote monitoring and control, can significantly improve wireless networks
Effective range and reliability.
Choose wired or wireless?
Wired communication protocols, such as ModBus, LonTalk, or DeviceNet, integrate sensors into the target environment to work well and provide a high level of reliability and security. Wired networks are suitable for time-critical or mission-critical data and closed-loop control. However, the wiring and installation of automated engineering in existing installations may cost up to 80% of the total system cost. Moreover, once the cable is installed, re-wiring will cost a lot of time and cost.
Choose a patent or a standardized wireless solution?
For sensor-based systems that require wireless network flexibility and allow new information potential factors, users can choose between patents and standardized solutions. Because patented systems are usually customized for applications, their advantages are in terms of transmission distance, low power consumption, and unit cost. However, such systems are generally not more reliable than standardization, and their patentability means that it is impossible to achieve industry investment in single-piece high-volume and agglomeration standardization systems.
The main disadvantages of patented wireless systems are their complexity, the risk of relying on unit suppliers and the relatively high cost. The lack of standards for RF communications and sensor-based networks has led to market segmentation, forcing users to either rely on a single supplier or hire highly specialized engineers. As most companies are forced to redo the work on radio network software, research and development resources are diverted to develop the basic functions of a reliable RF communication platform for a variety of sensors. With the massive development of standardized wireless products in a variety of applications and industries, the “virtuous cycle†of the silicon economy has led to a large volume of cost reductions.
Wireless standard
Once the company decides to integrate standardized wireless communications into its products, it still needs to choose the most appropriate wireless technology. Now, users can choose from several wireless options: GPRS, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee.
Wireless wide area network
Cellular or paging-based wireless communication is the most widely adopted standardized wireless telemetry technology format, which includes CDPD, GPRS, CDMA / 1XRTT and FLEX. Satellite technology is also used for telemetry, especially in remote environments.
Although these technologies can provide reliable wide-area communication, applications are usually limited to a single node, such as an oil field derrick or a large commercial air-conditioning unit. The sensor-based applications of wireless wide area networks are well-suited for remote device monitoring and tracking of transportation of valuable objects.
Wi-Fi
The Wi-Fi technology, which is technically called IEEE802.11, has recently achieved significant cost reductions in the market. This provides users with the opportunity to apply this technology to product design. Wi-Fi technology is now a standard feature of most new portable products, and it is optimal for high-data applications (such as large file transfers, email, and web access). Several popular versions of IEEE802.11 include "a" (54MBps at 5.8GHz), "b" (11MBps at 2.4GHz), and "g" (22MBps at 2.4GHz). This complexity makes it difficult for users to choose a standardized wireless platform.
Wi-Fi specifies the physical (PHY) layer and media access control (MAC) layer of the protocol and relies on TCP / IP as the network layer. Its excellent bandwidth comes at the cost of high power consumption, and most portable Wi-Fi devices hope to recharge regularly. Wi-Fi is used in laptop computers or PDAs and power supply systems that do not require large network support. Wi-Fi's sensor-based applications include power supply, IP-based video surveillance, and high-resolution sensor data collection.
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