Inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer works - Database & Sql Blog Articles

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Plasma is one of the most commonly encountered states of matter in modern physics. It is a gas that has been partially ionized, with an ionization degree exceeding 0.1%. The number of free electrons and positive ions is balanced, and on a macroscopic level, the plasma remains neutral overall.


Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is created when a high-frequency alternating current passes through an induction coil, causing the working gas to form a plasma. This process results in a glowing discharge known as a plasma torch, which can reach temperatures as high as 10,000 K. This makes it an excellent source for atomization, excitation, and ionization of samples.


The ICP torch has a ring-shaped structure, allowing sample introduction through the central channel while maintaining a stable flame. With a low carrier gas flow rate (less than 1 L/min), the sample can be effectively transported into the central channel, where it stays for about 2 to 3 milliseconds. This short residence time ensures complete evaporation and atomization of the sample.


The central region of the ICP ring reaches higher temperatures than any conventional flame or arc, making it ideal for the excitation of atoms and ions. Since the sample is indirectly heated, the ICP discharge remains unaffected, and there's minimal self-absorption or electrode contamination. Additionally, the ICP source does not involve direct electrode contact, reducing the risk of contamination and improving long-term stability.


These unique characteristics make the ICP source a highly efficient and reliable analytical tool. It offers excellent sensitivity, precision, and a wide dynamic range, making it suitable for a variety of applications in elemental analysis and environmental monitoring. Its ability to handle complex matrices and provide accurate results has made it a preferred choice in many laboratories around the world.

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