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Because semiconductor light source has the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection, long life, all solid, good shock resistance, it has been widely recognized including some ordinary consumers, and its development is very rapid, especially in 2009, it can be said that China's semiconductor lighting industry A prosperous year is also the most eye-catching year.
Regardless of whether the central government or the local government has introduced various support policies or guidance opinions. For example, the Ministry of Science and Technology introduced the pilot promotion of the Ten Cities in April 2009. According to statistics, in 2009, 21 pilot cities installed 22 aid 20,000 LED street lights (including tunnel lights); in October 2009, the National Development and Reform Commission and other 6 departments issued the "Semiconductor Lighting Energy Conservation Industry Development Opinions" for the future In the year of the development of China's industry, the direction was pointed out; the Nanchang Municipal Government issued relevant policies to subsidize the purchase of energy-saving lamps with independent intellectual property rights; Shenzhen City issued the "LED Industry Development Plan 20092015", "Shenzhen Promotion of Semiconductors" In the 2015, the main roads were replaced by LED street lights; in addition, Dongguan, Yangzhou, Zhengzhou and other cities have also introduced a number of related policies to promote the rapid development of the semiconductor lighting industry. It has played a good role in promoting various large-scale investment projects, as shown in the table below.
Table 1 Overview of China's semiconductor lighting industry investment in 2009 (part)
The table is only part of China's investment in 2009. The investment projects of Sichuan Tunneling, Jiangsu Nanjing and Gaoyou, Ningxia Pingluo, Guangdong Nanhai, Hunan Binzhou, Guangdong Foshan, etc., are not included in the table, if In 2008, many investment projects and many recent capital increase and expansion enterprises, in the past two years, the total number of large-scale investment projects in China's semiconductor lighting industry will be close to 100. These investors or local governments all claim to build these projects into the largest domestic or domestic first-class, at least the largest LED project in a certain region. In addition to the list, Jiuzhou Optoelectronics announced that it will build the largest semiconductor lighting industry base in the west; Xi'an will build a domestic first-class, world-renowned national high-power semiconductor lighting industry base; Nanhai will build the nation's largest semiconductor lighting in the next 35 years. Base; Gaoyou wants to build China's LED industry base.
A brief summary of the above investment information shows that China's semiconductor lighting industry investment scale is very large. According to reports, there are more than 10 provinces and more than 50 cities in China that regard the semiconductor lighting industry as the pillar industry for key development in the future. The LED industry is developing so rapidly, and the scale is so large that it is worthy of attention and deep thought.
The author believes that as a new industry, the momentum of rapid development is undoubtedly the best proof of its bright future. However, we must always keep a clear head and recognize the current overheated investment and the problem of overcapacity. China's semiconductor lighting industry lacks the crux of core patents.
In the face of the above problems, the author puts forward the following suggestions for reference in view of the development of the industry:
I. Establishing certain market access and elimination mechanisms In terms of market access, it is necessary to control the current phenomenon of such investment from the national level.
In the initial stage of the project, the approval is strengthened. In this respect, the cooperation of local governments is particularly needed, and low-level redundant construction is strictly prohibited, especially for packaging and lighting applications.
At present, there are more than 3,000 semiconductor lighting companies in China, including more than 20 upstream enterprises, and the technology is weak and small. There are more than 1,000 mid-stream packaging companies with different sizes. There are more than 2,000 downstream application products. The mix of fish and dragons, the level of technology is mixed, and the LED Lamps produced by many small and lacking R&D teams have seriously damaged the interests of consumers and taxpayers, resulting in very bad social impacts. For example, Baoding, Hebei, Weifang, Shandong, this is worthy of your attention. In the follow-up ten-city pilot promotion activities, it is necessary to raise market access standards, strengthen and weaken, limit the entry of small, low and poor enterprises, and indirectly eliminate some enterprises. On the other hand, while local governments are guiding, they should strengthen the integration of existing enterprises and urge them to become stronger rather than blindly expand.
Second, strengthen support for domestic upstream epitaxial wafers and chip companies
Semiconductor lighting is a systematic project that requires close cooperation between upstream and downstream. Each enterprise is an integral part of this industry chain, and almost everyone agrees that this view is the core of the chip. Indeed, the quality of the chip directly determines the quality of the final luminaire; the price of the chip accounts for about 50% of the total price of the luminaire, and the profit is also the most lucrative. According to statistics, in the 222,000 LED street lights and tunnel lights installed in the pilot activities of the Ten Cities in the last year, almost all of the lighting manufacturers used imported chips, Cree (CREE 40%), Philips (PHILIPS LUMILED 20%), and OSRAM ( International giants such as OSRAM16% and Nichia (14%) account for nearly 90% of the market, and most of the remaining 10% of the market is also divided by Korean companies and Taiwanese companies. The market share of domestic chip companies is almost zero. This is very sad.
We believe that as a pilot activity of the Ministry of Science and Technology, one of its objectives is to promote the improvement of the core technology research and development and innovation capabilities of the industry, and to rapidly improve the overall competitiveness of China's semiconductor lighting industry. The current situation is that the domestic upstream and downstream enterprises are almost out of touch. The fertilizer and water are all flowing outside the field. How to use the support of downstream enterprises to indirectly support upstream enterprises is worthy of deep thinking. Under the current low level of China's chip technology, it is necessary to prevent China's packaging enterprises from becoming assemblers of European and American enterprises, and to avoid the Chinese market becoming a test field for upstream drought and flood protection. I believe that the development of the Korean auto industry is worth learning from the relevant authorities in China.
Third, strengthen basic research and break the patent shackles.
Most of the core patents in the semiconductor lighting industry are monopolized by companies such as Nichia, Toyota Synthetic, and Cree. The patents applied by Chinese enterprises are mainly concentrated in the periphery, and the scope of protection is small. At present, apart from Nanchang Jingneng Optoelectronics, the technology of other chip companies has more or less infringement. The two types of phosphors used in the package, YAG:Ce and YAG:Tb, are also controlled by Nichia and Osram. Therefore, strengthening the research of various materials with core independent intellectual property rights is an important issue to be solved urgently for China's semiconductor lighting industry. If the technology monopoly of international giants cannot be broken in the future, China's semiconductor lighting industry is likely to repeat the VCD industry. Overwrite.
Semiconductor lighting is called the fourth generation of lighting. As a representative of future lighting, its advantages are self-evident. Since the end of the last century, the United States, Europe, Japan, South Korea and China have all introduced their own semiconductor lighting plans, and both Significant results have been achieved. The United States, Japan, and the European Union are leading the way in this technology and are leading in all aspects. South Korea has also achieved great results in recent years, and it has a tendency to stay in the future. As a representative of South Korea, Seoul Semiconductor has more than 5,000 patents and solved patent disputes with companies such as Nichia, with its LEDs for AC power. The leading technology continues to attack the city. According to a survey by the British IMS Research Institute, Seoul Semiconductor has jumped to the fourth largest LED chip manufacturer in the world in 2008, after Nichia, Osram and Philips. Throughout China's LED industry, there are nearly 20 chip manufacturers, regardless of scale or technology, far behind foreign companies. How to use China's scientific research resources and vast market to promote the rapid growth of domestic related enterprises and promote China's industrial upgrading is a problem worthy of in-depth study from method to practice.
In addition, OLED technology is currently in its infancy, and relevant research institutes in China should seize opportunities as soon as possible, speed up and master core technologies as soon as possible. The state should focus on supporting units with certain research foundations and achievements in this field to prevent the lack of LEDs. The core of patented technology.
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