China's 5G R&D is strong but the spectrum strategy plan is to be implemented

In the recent period, 5G hot friends circle, the WeChat public number has produced nearly 7000 5G hot texts, and the 5G Baidu index has more than 10 times the highest value in the past year.

Chinese company Huawei detonated the 5G public opinion feast, and its led Polar Code was adopted by the 3GPP standards organization as a 5G control channel coding scheme on November 17. Coding and modulation technology is regarded as the crown in the field of wireless communications, and Chinese companies have for the first time gained the right to speak in such core standards.

Immediately thereafter, China Mobile's 5G system design has also officially started standardization. The project will formulate two basic standards of “5G System Overall Architecture and Functions” and “5G System Basic Process” by the end of 2017.

On November 20, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology invited a number of domestic and foreign operators to hold the second phase of the 5G technology research and development test, and reiterated the vision of “strengthening international cooperation and promoting 5G to form a unified global standard”.

Standard game and compromise

Foreign media have hardly reported on the 3GPP conference held in Reno, USA from November 14th to 18th. Even if the LDCP code scheme led by Qualcomm a month ago was selected, it did not cause media attention. A foreign company company told the 21st Century Business Herald: "This meeting is no different from the past. Although it involves some games, it is more common technical discussion. The most important point is to push the 5G standard process forward. One step."

In fact, this is the second contest of the 5G encoding scheme. On October 14, 2016, the LDPC code led by Qualcomm won with a majority vote, defeating the data channel long code block coding scheme adopted by the Polar code as a 5G eMBB scene. At this conference, the 5G short-code scheme was left to be discussed at the November 14-18 conference, while the control signaling and URLLC scenarios, mMTC scenarios, etc. are discussed in the future.

On November 17, Polar code regained a city and was elected as a short code encoding scheme with a majority of votes. Although the Polar code is born in a short time, it is reported that the Polar code can achieve a 5G rate of 27Gbps and a 5G peak rate of 20Gbps.

"To unite the global standards organizations to promote unified standards, we must achieve the best possible share of the benefits." Communication industry well-known public number 5GNR introduction: "Compromise, compromise, has always been the philosophy of 3GPP."

GNR shows that at the beginning of the NB-IOT program established last year, Huawei and Qualcomm adhered to the CIOT program and the NB-LTE solution proposed by Ericsson and Intel. The 3GPP finally compromised the two parties and proposed NB-IOT. Program. Under the premise of ensuring the equal sharing of interests between the two parties, 3GPP unifies the strength of all enterprises and accelerates the process of NB-IOT.

For the communications industry where traditional services enter the growth ceiling, NB-IOT is regarded as the next blue ocean. According to the statistics of Machina Research, a global Internet of Things research institute, in 2015, the global operator's IoT connection reached 230 million, contributing to the market for operators. About $7 billion, this figure will reach $24 billion by 2020. According to a Huawei staff member, by 2020, the proportion of IoT devices connected to the carrier network is likely to reach 20%, and the proportion will continue to increase. For companies that drive NB-IOT, it is most important to realize NB-IOT business as early as possible.

Today, 5G adopts LDPC and Polar solutions, which also balances multiple interests. For companies participating in the 5G standard game, accelerating the landing of the global unified 5G standard is a prerequisite for all games.

Leading technology, after policy

Since 2014, the global communications industry has grown slowly, and operators and communications companies are hoping that 5G will reverse the decline of the communications industry.

Therefore, when the ITU defines 5G, in addition to the eMBB scenario of the traditional service, the two scenarios of URLLC and mMTC are planned. The former is dedicated to large-scale IoT networking, while the latter is to serve industrial robots that require ultra-low latency. Unmanned field. In fact, this is also the area that the global technology community sees as “the future.” The communications industry hopes to bring in new revenues through these two scenarios to change the growth model that operators have relied on in the past.

Of course, this means that 3GPP needs to introduce more participants. According to the 21st Century Business Herald reporter, in the early 5G, when the communications industry promoted 5G to leading companies in the automotive and industrial sectors, it did not attract enough investment. Currently, industry leaders such as General Motors have joined the 3GPP organization and are actively involved in standard setting, but they are not mainstream in comparison with traditional communication companies.

Only enough benefits can attract traditional industries to accept 5G, and this requires communication companies and 3GPP to make sufficient compromises in the automotive, industrial, medical and other industries when defining URLLC and mMTC scenarios in the future. Moreover, it should be pointed out that the automotive and industrial sectors are China's weak links. Chinese communications companies such as Huawei are not in a favorable position in the standards of these scenarios.

Of course, China's communications industry is growing, but "leading 5G" is still too early. Half a year ago, the US Department of Commerce sanctioned ZTE. At that time, because the core components of China's communications industry were mainly imported from the United States, the communications industry was accused of being in a serious situation. In a Huawei cybersecurity report, Huawei introduced 70% of its products from imports, and 32% from the United States. In 2012, Huawei's purchases from US companies reached US$5.72 billion. This situation cannot be changed in the short term.

Today, the US and European governments do not support China's 5G in any way. In July 2016, the White House announced that it would invest $500 million to fund 5G and attracted nearly 20 companies to build 5G test platforms in four US cities. At the same time, the FCC (Federal Communications Commission) officially uses the 24 GHz spectrum for 5G, and spectrum resources are the most important resource for wireless communications.

In September 2016, the European Commission announced “5G for Europe”, announced that it will develop a complete 5G deployment roadmap before the end of the year, and will start pre-commercial 5G in 2018, and require member states to select 5G for cities by 2020. service. Moreover, the EU also explicitly provides multiple frequency bands for testing by the end of 2016, and will determine 6GHz, millimeter wave and other spectrum resources for 5G use by 2017.

Compared with the EU and the United States, China's R&D work in 5G is not backward. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology set up IMT-2020 very early, and introduced 863 and major special support. However, although the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has given promises such as “enhanced spectrum co-ordination” and “reserving spectrum resources of not less than 500 MHz”, unfortunately, there are no signs of launching 5G spectrum strategic planning in China. Moreover, China has not yet issued a platform for action like the United States and the European Union.

It should be pointed out that spectrum resources have always been one of the policy issues that have plagued the development of China's telecommunications industry. However, this issue has always been shelved in the political game of the Department of Telecommunications and Radio and Television. There are no signs of resolution.

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