![<?echo $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'];?>](/template/twentyseventeen/skin/images/header.jpg)
Learn to generate random passwords using 8 Linux native commands or third-party utilities.
In this article, we will guide you through the generation of random passwords in Linux terminals in several different ways. Several of them utilize native Linux commands, while others are implemented using third-party tools or utilities that are easily installed on Linux machines. Here we use native commands like openssl, dd, md5sum, tr, urandom and third-party tools like mkpasswd, randpw, pwgen, spw, gpg, xkcdpass, diceware, revelation, keepaasx, passwordmaker.
In fact, these methods are to generate some random letter strings that can be used as passwords. Random passwords can be used for new user passwords, which are unique regardless of the user base. Not much to say, let's take a look at 8 different ways to generate random passwords on Linux.
Generate a password using the mkpasswd utility
Mkpasswd is installed with the expect package on RHEL-based systems. On Debian-based systems mkpasswd is in the package whois. Installing the mkpasswd package directly will result in an error:
RHEL system: The package mkpasswd is not available.
Debian system: Error: Unable to locate package mkpasswd.
So installing their parent package as described above is fine.
Run mkpasswd to get the password
Root@kerneltalks# mkpasswd << on RHEL
Zt*hGW65c
Root@kerneltalks# mkpasswd teststring << on Ubuntu
XnlrKxYOJ3vik
This command does not work the same on different systems, so it works differently. You can also control options such as length by parameters, which you can explore by consulting the man page.
Generate passwords using openssl
Nearly all Linux distributions include openssl. We can use its random function to generate a random alphabetic string that can be used as a password.
Root@kerneltalks# openssl rand -base64 10
nU9LlHO5nsuUvw==
Here we use a base64 encoded random function, the last numeric parameter representing the length.
Generate password using urandom
The device file /dev/urandom is another way to get a random string. We use the tr function and crop the output to get a random string and use it as a password.
Root@kerneltalks# strings /dev/urandom |tr -dc A-Za-z0-9 | head -c20; echo
UiXtr0NAOSIkqtjK4c0X
Generate a password using the dd command
We can even use the /dev/urandom device with the dd command to get a random string.
Root@kerneltalks# dd if=/dev/urandom bs=1 count=15|base64 -w 0
15+0records in
15+0records out
15bytes(15B)copied, 5.5484e-05s, 270kB/s
QMsbe2XbrqAc2NmXp8D0
We need to base the result in base64 encoding to make it human readable. You can use the values ​​to get the length you want. For a cleaner output, you can redirect the "standard error output" to /dev/null. The commands for simple output are:
Root@kerneltalks# dd if=/dev/urandom bs=1 count=15 2>/dev/null|base64 -w 0
F8c3a4joS+a3BdPN9C++
Generate a password using md5sum
Another way to get a random string that can be used as a password is to calculate the MD5 checksum! The checksums look like they are grouped together as random strings, which we can use as passwords. Make sure your calculation source is a variable so that the checksum generated each time you run the command is different. Such as date! The date command always produces different output.
Root@kerneltalks# date |md5sum
4d8ce5c42073c7e9ca4aeffd3d157102 -
Here we get the checksum output from the date command via md5sum! You can also use the cut command to crop the length you need.
Generate passwords using pwgen
The pwgen package is similar to the EPEL software repository (LCTT). Pwgen is more focused on generating pronunciationable passwords, but they are not in the English dictionary, nor in English. This tool may not be included in the standard release repository. Install this package and run the pwgen command line. Boom!
Root@kerneltalks# pwgen
thu8Iox7 ahDeeQu8 Eexoh0ai oD8oozie ooPaeD9t meeNeiW2 Eip6ieph Ooh1tiet
cootad7O Gohci0vo wah9Thoh Ohh3Ziur Ao1thoma ojoo6aeW Oochai4v ialaiLo5
aic2OaDa iexieQu8 Aesoh4Ie Eixou9ph ShiKoh0i uThohth7 taaN3fuu Iege0aeZ
cah3zaiW Eephei0m AhTh8guo xah1Shoo uh8Iengo aifeev4E zoo4ohHa fieDei6c
aorieP7k ahna9AKe uveeX7Hi Ohji5pho AigheV7u Akee9fae aeWeiW4a tiex8Oht
Your terminal will present a list of passwords! What else do you want? Ok. If you want to explore it again, pwgen has a lot of customization options, which can be found in the man page.
Generate a password using the gpg tool
GPG is an encryption and signature tool that follows the OpenPGP standard. Most gpg tools are pre-installed (at least on my RHEL7). But if not, you can look for the gpg or gpg2 package and install it.
Use the following command to generate a password from the gpg tool.
Root@kerneltalks# gpg --gen-random --armor 1 12
mL8i+PKZ3IuN6a7a
Here we pass the option to generate a random byte sequence (--gen-random) with a quality of 1 (the first parameter) and a number of 12 (the second parameter). The option --armor guarantees output in base64 encoding.
Generate a password using xkcdpass
The famous geek humor website xkcd has published a very interesting article about easy-to-remember but complicated passwords. So the xkcdpass tool was inspired by this article and did the work like this! This is a Python package that can be found on Python's website.
Here is the installation steps and the output of my test RHEL server for reference.
Root@kerneltalks# wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/b4/d7/3253bd2964390e034cf0bba227db96d94de361454530dc056d8c1c096abc/xkcdpass-1.14.3.tar.gz#md5=5f15d52f1d36207b07391f7a25c7965f
--2018-01-2319:09:17-- https://pypi.python.org/packages/b4/d7/3253bd2964390e034cf0bba227db96d94de361454530dc056d8c1c096abc/xkcdpass-1.14.3.tar.gz
Resolving pypi.python.org(pypi.python.org)...151.101.32.223,2a04:4e42:8::223
Connecting topypi.python.org(pypi.python.org)|151.101.32.223|:443...connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response...200OK
Length: 871848(851K)[binary/octet-stream]
Saving to: 'xkcdpass-1.14.3.tar.gz'
100%[======================================================== =========================================================== ===============================]]871,848 --.-K/s in0.01s
2018-01-2319:09:17 (63.9MB/s) - 'xkcdpass-1.14.3.tar.gz'saved[871848/871848]
Root@kerneltalks# tar -xvf xkcdpass-1.14.3.tar.gz
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/examples/
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/examples/example_import.py
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/examples/example_json.py
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/examples/example_postprocess.py
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/LICENSE.BSD
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/MANIFEST.in
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/PKG-INFO
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/README.rst
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/setup.cfg
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/setup.py
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/tests/
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/tests/test_list.txt
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/tests/test_xkcdpass.py
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/tests/__init__.py
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass/
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass/static/
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass/static/eff-long
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass/static/eff-short
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass/static/eff-special
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass/static/fin-kotus
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass/static/ita-wiki
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass/static/legacy
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass/static/spa-mich
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass/xkcd_password.py
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass/__init__.py
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass.1
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass.egg-info/
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass.egg-info/entry_points.txt
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass.egg-info/not-zip-safe
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass.egg-info/PKG-INFO
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
Xkcdpass-1.14.3/xkcdpass.egg-info/top_level.txt
Root@kerneltalks# cd xkcdpass-1.14.3
Root@kerneltalks# python setup.py install
Running install
Running bdist_egg
Running egg_info
Writing xkcdpass.egg-info/PKG-INFO
Writing top-level names toxkcdpass.egg-info/top_level.txt
Writing dependency_links toxkcdpass.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
Writing entry points toxkcdpass.egg-info/entry_points.txt
Reading manifest file'xkcdpass.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
Reading manifest template'MANIFEST.in'
Writing manifest file'xkcdpass.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
Installer library code tobuild/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg
Running install_lib
Running build_py
Creating build
Creating build/lib
Creating build/lib/xkcdpass
Copying xkcdpass/xkcd_password.py -> build/lib/xkcdpass
Copying xkcdpass/__init__.py -> build/lib/xkcdpass
Creating build/lib/xkcdpass/static
Copying xkcdpass/static/eff-long -> build/lib/xkcdpass/static
Copying xkcdpass/static/eff-short -> build/lib/xkcdpass/static
Copying xkcdpass/static/eff-special -> build/lib/xkcdpass/static
Copying xkcdpass/static/fin-kotus -> build/lib/xkcdpass/static
Copying xkcdpass/static/ita-wiki -> build/lib/xkcdpass/static
Copying xkcdpass/static/legacy -> build/lib/xkcdpass/static
Copying xkcdpass/static/spa-mich -> build/lib/xkcdpass/static
Creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64
Creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg
Creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/xkcdpass
Copying build/lib/xkcdpass/xkcd_password.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/xkcdpass
Copying build/lib/xkcdpass/__init__.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/xkcdpass
Creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/xkcdpass/static
Copying build/lib/xkcdpass/static/eff-long -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/xkcdpass/static
Copying build/lib/xkcdpass/static/eff-short -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/xkcdpass/static
Copying build/lib/xkcdpass/static/eff-special -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/xkcdpass/static
Copying build/lib/xkcdpass/static/fin-kotus -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/xkcdpass/static
Copying build/lib/xkcdpass/static/ita-wiki -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/xkcdpass/static
Copying build/lib/xkcdpass/static/legacy -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/xkcdpass/static
Copying build/lib/xkcdpass/static/spa-mich -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/xkcdpass/static
Byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/xkcdpass/xkcd_password.py toxkcd_password.pyc
Byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/xkcdpass/__init__.py to__init__.pyc
Creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
Copying xkcdpass.egg-info/PKG-INFO -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
Copying xkcdpass.egg-info/SOURCES.txt -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
Copying xkcdpass.egg-info/dependency_links.txt -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
Copying xkcdpass.egg-info/entry_points.txt -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
Copying xkcdpass.egg-info/not-zip-safe -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
Copying xkcdpass.egg-info/top_level.txt -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
Creating dist
Creating'dist/xkcdpass-1.14.3-py2.7.egg'andadding'build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg'toit
Removing'build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg'(andeverything under it)
Processing xkcdpass-1.14.3-py2.7.egg
Creating /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xkcdpass-1.14.3-py2.7.egg
Extracting xkcdpass-1.14.3-py2.7.eggto /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Adding xkcdpass1.14.3toeasy-install.pth file
Installing xkcdpass script to /usr/bin
Installed /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xkcdpass-1.14.3-py2.7.egg
Processing dependencies forxkcdpass==1.14.3
Finished processing dependencies forxkcdpass==1.14.3
Now run the xkcdpass command, which will randomly give you several dictionary words like the following:
Root@kerneltalks# xkcdpass
Broadside unpadded osmosis statistic cosmetics lugged
You can use these words as other commands, such as the input of md5sum, to get a random password (as shown below), or even you can use the Nth letter of each word to generate your password!
Root@kerneltalks# xkcdpass |md5sum
45f2ec9b3ca980c7afbd100268c74819 -
Root@kerneltalks# xkcdpass |md5sum
Ad79546e8350744845c001d8836f2ff2 -
Or you can even string all the words together as a very long password, not only very easy to remember, but also not easily broken by computer programs.
There are also tools like Diceware, KeePassX, Revelation, PasswordMaker on Linux, which can also be considered for generating strong random passwords.
Bacteria are everywhere in our daily lives. Mobile phones have become an indispensable item for us. Of course, bacteria will inevitably grow on the phone screen. The antimicrobial coating used in our Anti Microbial Screen Protector can reduce 99% of the bacterial growth on the screen, giving you more peace of mind.
Self-healing function
The Screen Protector can automatically repair tiny scratches and bubbles within 24 hours.
Clear and vivid
A transparent protective layer that provides the same visual experience as the device itself.
Sensitive touch
The 0.14mm Ultra-Thin Protective Film can maintain the sensitivity of the touch screen to accurately respond to your touch. Like swiping on the device screen.
Oleophobic and waterproof
Anti-fingerprint and oil-proof design can help keep the screen clean and clear.
If you want to know more about Anti Microbial Screen Protector products, please click Product Details to view the parameters, models, pictures, prices and other information about Anti Microbial Screen Protector products.
Whether you are a group or an individual, we will try our best to provide you with accurate and comprehensive information about Anti Microbial Screen Protector!
Antimicrobial Screen Protector, Anti-microbial Screen Protector, Anti-bacterial Screen Protector, Antibacterial Screen Protector,Anti-microbial Hydrogel Screen Protector
Shenzhen Jianjiantong Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.jjthydrogelprotector.com