Carton generates static electricity in printing

The cardboard box is widely used in our daily life or work, often serving as a container for products. This ensures that items remain safe during transportation. However, some people have noticed that certain objects may generate static electricity when in contact with the cardboard box, causing inconvenience. Letâ€™s explore how static electricity is generated in cardboard boxes. Static electricity is mainly produced through friction and contact. During the printing process, the paper used for cardboard is subjected to high pressure from the printing plates and rollers. At the same time, it experiences intense friction with the rollers, printing plates, and ink, which can cause an increase in temperature. This thermal effect leads to molecular decomposition, resulting in the redistribution of electrons and the generation of static electricity. Another common cause is contact and separation. In the packaging process, the cardboard paper comes into quick contact and separation with tapes, guide rollers, and printing inks. When the paper is gripped by the grippers and wrapped around the cylinder, and then quickly removed afterward, static electricity can be generated due to the materials used on the cylinder surface, such as rubber blankets, cotton cloth, or kraft paper. The speed of the printing machine also plays a significant role. As the machine speed increases, the friction between the paper and the printing plates, as well as the contact and separation between the paper and the cylinder, become more intense. This accelerates electron movement and increases the energy of charge transfer, leading to higher static electricity. For example, in high-speed newspaper printing machines, the static voltage can be very high, causing printed papers to stick together even after distribution, demonstrating the significant impact of machine speed on static electricity. Additionally, the materials used in printing machines, such as plates and cylinders, are typically made of metal. Metals have a tendency to release electrons easily, allowing them to conduct charges quickly. The surface condition of the paper, along with the materials used in the packaging, has a major influence on static electricity. Smooth surfaces tend to produce less static, while rough or oxidized surfaces, or those contaminated with dirt, can generate more static. Moreover, different paper compositions affect their moisture absorption, and some papers may already carry static during production. The presence of static electricity can cause various issues in the printing process. It can lead to misalignment of the paper on the conveyor belt, making it difficult for the paper to fall onto the delivery tray. The static can cause the papers to stick together, preventing the stacker from properly aligning them, which affects the subsequent folding process. It can also result in double feeding, where two sheets are picked up at once. Static can hinder the smooth movement of the paper on the feed board, leading to misregistration, ghosting, and blurred images. Additionally, static-charged paper attracts dust and impurities, which can cause ink smudging and reduce print quality. In the printing process, the ink is transferred and evenly distributed through ink rollers, ink trays, and the printing plate at high speed. The rapid contact and separation during this process can cause the ink to become charged, resulting in flying ink (also known as "flying ink"). Some of this ink may directly land on the printed material, causing stains, while others may transfer to the printing plate or blanket and later appear on the printed product, creating light-colored spots. These issues not only affect print quality but also pollute the equipment. To minimize these problems, proper humidity control, anti-static agents, and grounding techniques are often employed in the printing industry. By understanding the causes of static electricity and implementing effective solutions, the efficiency and quality of the printing process can be significantly improved.

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