Engineers personally understand the essence of electromagnetic waves

What is the nature of electromagnetic waves? I've been an engineer for over eight years, and I never really thought about it. I can't ask my colleagues to give a clear answer. I just know that on a spectrum analyzer, it looks like a petal-shaped peak. The thicker the signal, the better, and ideally, it should be a straight line. If the lower part of the body becomes thicker, it's not a good sign. The manager might question why the phase noise isn't up to standard. On an oscilloscope, it looks like an open eye—bigger is better. If you're tired or have dark circles under your eyes, the manager will notice, and the engineer might rush to find the cause. I remember Maxwell’s equations from college, but I didn’t understand them then and have forgotten them now. Even if I think about them, it doesn’t matter. I blame Maxwell for creating the theory of electromagnetic waves, which has caused me so much trouble. Eventually, I end up using resistors and inductors. Through experiments, I realize this is the life of an engineer. I’ve experienced the situations described above. I believe many engineers face similar challenges. Late at night, debugging without results, feeling frustrated and exhausted on the bus. I suddenly wondered if the issues were due to interference from alien signals. That’s when I wrote a science fiction novel called *Intelligent Electromagnetic Wave*. It was written during the pain of a radio engineer who faced multiple failures, only to uncover a huge conspiracy hidden deep within the Internet. A silk engineer then took on the task of saving the planet. Closer to home, this article mainly discusses the career of engineers. The electromagnetic engineers mentioned earlier are just one type—RF engineers, high-speed digital engineers, intelligent hardware engineers, and module engineers all fall into the same category. We are all engineers. Let me start with the early days after university. It's undeniable that China's university education often lacks practical training. Many students who become engineers don’t understand what they’re getting into at first. Their understanding of engineers comes from media or national reports—either stories of engineers' depression and suicide, which are not the full picture. Meanwhile, university textbooks lag behind industry practices, focusing too much on theory and lacking hands-on experience. The experimental equipment is outdated compared to industry standards. As a result, students enter the workforce confused and uncertain. On the first day of employment, HR smiles and tells new graduates that there are two development paths: management and technical. Both are independent, and senior technical experts can earn the same salary as the president. Students who want to be engineers may feel their communication skills aren't great and decide to stay focused on their work. They hope that by working hard, they can eventually earn a president’s salary, even if they don’t reach it, they’ll take half. Soon, they discover that the skills taught in college don’t match what's needed on the job. Some engineers secretly look for shortcuts. The hard work and self-discipline they relied on in college seem useless now, and they get paid only a few hundred dollars. In the first few months or even a couple of years, engineers are mostly happy. Although rent is expensive and living space is small, they finally earn their own money. Overtime means no girlfriend, but that’s temporary. After two or three years, engineers start complaining about low salaries and frequently changing jobs. After jumping between companies, they realize that moving around doesn’t make a difference. Whether in state-owned enterprises, foreign companies, or private firms, they still don’t get what they want. They complain about overtime, and even those who just graduated a year or two feel the pressure. The so-called people don’t go to hell, who does? Now, I realize my body isn’t as strong as it was when I graduated, and I need to start a family. In the near future, I’ll be old and have kids. Either complaining about company unfairness or struggling with work-life balance. After three years on the job, a small number of employees are called in for meetings. The general message is that their technical level is insufficient and their attitude is not right. The company places performance indicators there, and they may be asked to reduce bonuses or leave quietly. At this point, the student wakes up from a dream, unsure how to develop in the company. Even securing their livelihood becomes a problem. Engineers and students endure hardships for seven or eight years, working hard for their families. When they turn 33 or approach the 35-year-old threshold, they suddenly feel stuck, making little progress. The dream of earning half a president’s salary hasn’t come true. Overtime continues endlessly. They want to change jobs but lack the courage. They keep thinking, hiding in corners, or drinking too much. Capitalists see these pain points and start reducing wages. If workers are lazy, they are sacrificed under the name of cost-cutting. The idea of not paying engineers for laziness disappears. These complaints are familiar to many engineers. Of course, after seven or eight years of experience, a few engineers rise through talent, vision, and diligence, achieving what they wanted. But how many are truly successful? In the absence of communism, most engineers are likely to feel lost. In the primary stage of socialism, individual comprehensive development and full freedom are difficult to achieve due to various realities. Firstly, most current Chinese enterprises follow imitation. Most engineers work in industrial production and technical maintenance, not mastering high-tech. While some foreign companies have core technologies, those positions are not in China. This makes engineers not irreplaceable, leading to them being easily replaced by younger, cheaper workers. This situation should gradually change, especially in fields like AI, 5G, and quantum communication, where China is on par with global giants. Companies like Alibaba and Huawei create high-paying roles, but such opportunities are limited and take time to emerge. Additionally, while engineers complain, entrepreneurs also complain about high costs. This is because China’s market economy is imperfect, enterprise competitiveness is weak, and foreign companies dominate the market. Companies must cut labor costs and extend working hours. This situation depends on reforms from the central government, which is good in the long run. The 19th National Congress report gave us confidence, but engineers still struggle to gain a sense of achievement in the short term. With so many obstacles that are hard to overcome quickly, what should engineers do? I’m not sure, but I’ve summarized three lessons from my personal failures. First, stay committed to your industry. Don’t change jobs easily. Only by staying long enough will your skills naturally improve. Second, don’t focus solely on technology. Engage in interpersonal relationships, avoid flattery and group politics. Clearly and timely express your thoughts to leaders and colleagues to avoid conflicts. Third, take care of your health. Cultivate hobbies and stay fit. Health is the foundation of everything.

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