The water purification industry must see the term attack you understand?

Every industry has its own jargon, and the water purification sector is no exception. Are you familiar with the terminology used in this field? Understanding these key terms can help you better engage with the water treatment industry. Here are 15 essential terms you should know. Take a look and expand your knowledge!

1. Suspended Matter in Water

Suspended matter refers to particles that are larger than approximately 0.1 microns and can be seen with the naked eye. These particles include sediment, algae, bacteria, viruses, and organic substances. They float in the water, causing cloudiness or turbidity. Suspended solids are the main contributors to water discoloration, odor, and turbidity.

2. Colloidal Substances in Water

Colloids are tiny particles ranging from 0.1 to 0.001 microns in size. They consist of clusters of molecules and ions, such as inorganic colloids like iron, aluminum, and silicon compounds, or organic colloids formed from decaying plant and animal matter, such as humus. These particles remain suspended in water and are harder to remove than larger suspended solids.

3. Dissolved Substances in Water

Dissolved substances are particles smaller than or equal to 0.001 microns. These include ions and gases from dissolved salts, which are fully mixed into the water. Unlike suspended or colloidal particles, they do not settle out easily and require filtration or chemical treatment to remove.

4. Turbidity of Water

Turbidity is the measure of how cloudy or murky water is due to the presence of suspended particles, colloids, plankton, and microorganisms. The more impurities in the water, the higher the turbidity, which affects both the clarity and quality of the water.

5. Water Hardness

Water hardness refers to the concentration of certain metal ions, especially calcium and magnesium. While other ions like iron and manganese may also be present, their levels are usually low and often ignored. The total amount of calcium and magnesium determines the overall hardness of the water.

6. TDS Value (Total Dissolved Solids)

TDS measures the total amount of dissolved substances in water, including salts, minerals, and organic matter. It includes both soluble and insoluble materials. Dissolved solids are those that stay in solution after filtration, while suspended solids are particles that don't dissolve and must be removed through physical methods.

7. Residual Chlorine

Residual chlorine is the remaining chlorine in tap water after it has been used to disinfect the water supply. This includes chlorine that hasn’t reacted and its byproducts. Although effective at killing bacteria, residual chlorine can have harmful effects if consumed in large amounts over time.

8. Scale

Scale forms when hard water deposits minerals like calcium and magnesium on the inside of pipes, heaters, and appliances. Over time, this buildup can reduce efficiency and cause damage to equipment.

9. pH Value

The pH value measures the acidity or alkalinity of water. A pH of 7 is neutral. Water with a pH below 7 is acidic, which can corrode pipes and equipment. Acidic water may also have a sour taste and cause unpleasant odors.

10. Acidity

Acidity refers to the condition of water having a pH lower than 7. Acidic water often tastes sour and can lead to corrosion and damage in plumbing systems.

11. Alkalinity

Alkalinity is the ability of water to neutralize acids. It is measured by a pH above 7. Alkaline water tends to have a bitter taste and can help balance the effects of acidic water.

12. Hard Water

Hard water contains high levels of dissolved calcium and magnesium. It is common in areas with limestone and can cause scaling in appliances and pipelines. When heated, it leaves behind mineral deposits that can clog equipment like coffee machines and ice makers.

13. Brackish Water

Brackish water is a mix of fresh and saltwater, typically found in coastal regions. It has a higher pH than hard water and contains significant amounts of dissolved salts. In China, many people in northern and eastern coastal areas drink brackish water, which can be unpleasant to drink and may cause health issues if consumed long-term.

14. Dissolved Oxygen

Dissolved oxygen is the amount of oxygen present in water, which is crucial for aquatic life. It depends on factors like temperature, pressure, and microbial activity. At 20°C, distilled water can hold up to 9.17 mg/L of dissolved oxygen, but this varies depending on environmental conditions.

15. Suspended Solids

Suspended solids are solid particles that remain in suspension in wastewater. Some can settle under certain conditions, and their measurement is commonly done using asbestos filters. High levels of suspended solids can affect water clarity and treatment processes.

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