Discussion on various material pore size analysis methods - Database & Sql Blog Articles

one,

Gas adsorption

Method 1. Test principle: The pore volume is obtained according to low temperature nitrogen adsorption, thereby obtaining porosity. This method can only obtain the pore volume of pore structure with size below 200nm, and can not characterize the pores above 200nm. It is not suitable for a large number of membranes. 2. Aperture test range: 0.35-500nm3. Test membrane material pore size Disadvantages: Test pore size range 0.35-500nm For micron-sized holes, the hole diameter of the through-hole in the diaphragm material (ie, the diameter at the narrowest point of the through hole) is the most critical and most important, and the nitrogen adsorption test does not distinguish between through-holes and blind holes, so The aperture test error will be very large. 4. Method test schematic: Second, the mercury intrusion method 1. Test principle: With the external force, the mercury is pressed into the dry porous sample, the volume of mercury in the sample is measured as a function of pressure, and the pore size distribution of the sample is calculated accordingly. This method also converts the airtight U-shaped holes, so the reference value of the measurement results is not large. If you want to test a small pore size, such as below 100nm, you need a very large pressure (20MPa or more) to inject mercury into the pores of the material. Such a large pressure is absorbed by the general material. Under high pressure, the pore structure of the membrane material will be deformed or even Pressure, resulting in deviation from the theoretical value; 2. Aperture test range: 50nm-500um 3. Test membrane material pore size Disadvantages: (1) Aperture range: 50nm-500um; if you want to test a smaller pore size, such as below 100nm, you need to be very large The pressure (above 20MPa) can inject mercury into the pores of the material, so that the large pressure can not be tolerated by ordinary organic materials. Under high pressure, the pore structure of the membrane material will be deformed or even collapsed, causing the result to deviate from the theoretical value; Pressure method, the pressure applied to the material is much smaller; (3) Like nitrogen adsorption, mercury intrusion method can not distinguish between through holes and blind holes, and can not characterize the size of the hole throat. 4. Test schematic

The liquid mercury between the particles is pressed into the pores, and the pore size invaded by the mercury is a function of the pressure used; the sample tube on the right is used to measure the mercury injection/evaporation volume through the metal jacket and the electrode cap (plate electrode).
Third, the bubble point test principle: When the channel is blocked by the liquid wetting agent, due to the surface tension of the wetting agent, if the hole is opened by gas at this time, it is necessary to apply a certain pressure to the gas, and the hole is more Smaller the pressure required to open the hole. By comparing the relationship between the pressure and the gas flow rate of the porous material in the dry and wet state, the pore size distribution of the sample can be obtained by calculation according to a certain mathematical model.

2. Aperture test range: 20nm-500um3. For the gas-liquid discharge method, due to the large interfacial tension between gas and liquid, the smaller pore size can only be measured by increasing the gas pressure, but the high pressure is easy to cause gas leakage, sample deformation, A series of problems such as pressure drop. The drawback of the bubble point method is that it is not suitable for measuring membrane materials with small pore sizes. 4. Instrument test report screenshot
5. Instrument picture IV. Suspension filtration method 1. Test principle: The spherical particle suspension is used as the medium, and the sample to be tested is used for cross-flow filtration, and the pore size distribution can be calculated by comparing the particle size distribution changes in the original suspension and the permeate. The diameter of the particles in the permeate is the pore size of the porous material. Fives,

Liquid and liquid elimination

1. The test principle is similar to the bubble point method. It is also used to measure the pore throat. It is only a liquid that is incompatible with the wetting agent instead of gas as a cell opener. 2. Test principle: 10nm-200um3. Advantages and Disadvantages of Measuring Membrane Material Diameter: Due to the small interfacial tension between liquid and liquid, only a small pressure is required to measure a large aperture, so the pressure measurement error is large, and the optimal measurement range is 10 nm to 200 μm. Bubble pressure method (gas-liquid displacement) The pressure-aperture correspondence is calculated according to the formula: D=4γCosθ/△P, as follows:

Pressure

Poor â–³P/bar

Aperture / μm

Infusion: water

γ=72.75mN/m

Infiltration solution: poporil

γ=16mN/m

0.005

416.13

91.52

0.01

208.07

45.76

0.05

41.61

9.15

0.1

20.81

4.58

0.5

4.16

0.915

1

2.08

0.458

5

0.416

0.092

10

0.208

0.046

15

0.139

0.031

20

0.104

0.023

25

0.083

0.018

30

0.069

0.015

35

0.059

0.013