Precautions for adjustment and use of the electronic crossover

(1) Determination of the crossover point

The crossover point is the demarcation point between the divider high pass, band pass and low pass filter, expressed in common frequency, in Hz. The frequency division frequency should be determined according to the frequency characteristics and power distribution of the speaker units or speakers in each frequency band. When the speaker is shipped from the factory, the manufacturer will calibrate the working frequency band and the frequency division reference frequency of each speaker unit. Generally speaking, the frequency should be determined according to the manufacturer's requirements. Crossover point.

However, the sound engineers often encounter such problems during use. Because the manual is lost, it is impossible to know the crossover point parameter of a certain speaker. This requires adjusting the crossover point according to the evaluation result of the human ear. When adjusting the crossover point, carefully listen to the sound connection of each speaker unit, and adjust to the state where the crossover frequency band has no blank.

The crossover point of the full-range ultra-low ultra-low speaker is generally adjusted to 100Hz, and the cross-cutting point is too high, and the sound cutting distortion phenomenon occurs. You may wish to do a test, the crossover point mentioned 500Hz, the bass sound will certainly have a sense of jitter, this is the cutting distortion.

(2) sub-band gain

Due to the sensitivity of the speaker and the power ratio of the power amplifier, the sound of each frequency band will definitely have a strong sound in a certain frequency band and a weak sound in a certain frequency band. At this time, it is necessary to adjust the frequency band gain of the frequency divider.

In most cases, the excessive band sound should be attenuated to avoid burning the band amplifier or speaker unit due to excessive signal after boosting a certain band. You will find that many manufacturers design the sub-band gain of the crossover to a form that only attenuates the boost (such as the DOD crossover), that is, 0dB (no boost or no attenuation) when the maximum position is mentioned, and attenuation is minimized. Negative infinity in position is to avoid equipment damage due to signal boost.

(3) Other adjustments

There are many other function keys on the crossover. The function of these function keys is often not taken seriously. In fact, adjusting them to the correct state will definitely improve the sound effect.

(a) LF DELAY (bass delay) high and low sound split speaker.

In the high and low sound split speakers, the high and low speaker units are mounted on the front plane of the speakers. The high-pitched sound is generally the horn, and the pronunciation point is backward; the bass is the cone-shaped cone speaker, and the pronunciation point is in front. When the speaker delivers the sound, there will be a case where the bass first reaches the listener and the treble reaches the listener. If the bass first arrives, the temperament of the human ear is the main effect, people will feel the problem of the bass ahead, boring or insufficient sound clarity; if the bass is properly delayed, it can solve this problem.

(b) MONO BASS (single bass)

Is it better to choose the mono mode or the stereo mode? According to the author, under the premise of the condition, the bass should be made into a stereo effect as much as possible for three reasons:

First, the music bass is not monophonic but stereo, so in order to reproduce a true stereo bass, you should use a stereo bass system to play;

Second, the past view is that the bass has no directivity, but modern speakers can already have a certain degree of directivity, so the difference in their spatial position will of course be perceived by people;

Third, according to the physiological acoustic theory, people have a sense of positioning on the bass. The bass positioning mainly depends on the phase difference (time difference) between the left and right ears, so the stereo bass and the mono bass are definitely different for the listener.

Almost all crossovers have such buttons, but the letters are labeled with Inv, out Phase, and so on. This button is used to adjust the phase of the output signal. This button should be pressed when the speaker has an inverted condition.

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