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The self-organizing network is a multi-hop temporary autonomous system composed of a group of mobile terminals with wireless transceiver devices. The mobile terminals have a routing function and can form any network topology through wireless connections. This network can work independently. Can be connected to the Internet or cellular wireless networks. The self-organizing network has a dynamic and flexible networking method, which has a very wide range of applications.
The many advantages of the self-organizing network make it not only have extremely high military application value, but also have high industrial and commercial application value, and will also play an important role in the broadband wireless mobile communication network. The application fields of the self-organizing network are described below.
1. Military field
The self-organizing network is used by various military powers for comprehensive strategic and tactical communication because of its features such as no need to build network facilities, rapid deployment, invulnerability and flexibility. On a modern battlefield, troops need to quickly deploy and promote various military vehicles, between soldiers, and between soldiers and military vehicles to maintain close contact to complete centralized command and coordinate operations. Communication in these situations cannot depend on any preset network facilities. Especially in the future battlefield, self-organizing networks are of great significance to high-tech weaponry, centralized command, coordinated operations, and improved combat maneuverability. It can be used as a communication system between fleet formations, fleets, tank formations and individual soldiers. At present, self-organizing network technology has become the core technology of the US military's tactical Internet. Such as adaptive integrated communication (mosale) plan. The plan is to combine GloMo, SUO / SAS, CAN (air communication node) project technology funded by DARRA and several research technologies of the Army Communications and Electronics Command (CECOM) Research and Development Center (RDEC) for mobile Communication demo. Through verification and screening, the commercial products and the research results of the Ministry of Defense are integrated. The goal is to meet the communication needs of the future combat system (FCS) and the target force (objecTIve force) and the mobility of the battlefield command system infrastructure to form The seamless communication architecture required for future battlefields. In addition, the US military has developed a large number of wireless self-organizing network communication devices, and these devices have played an important role in the US war against Iraq. The joint tacTIcal radiosystem wide and networking waveform (JTRS WNW) network is a self-organizing network. It must meet the requirements of supporting interoperability between services, seamless delivery of multimedia information, adaptive user message requirements or network conditions, scalable self-organizing networks, automatic and manual adaptation to RF or routing features. The JTRS WNW network is now widely used in the US Army, Navy and Air Force.
In addition to being used in military mobile communications, self-organizing network technology can also be used for the intelligentization of weapons and equipment. For example, DAPRA recently funded a study on "self-healing minefield system" as an example of the application of self-organizing network technology. The system plans to use intelligent mobile anti-tank mine arrays to thwart the enemy's breakthrough of the mine array defense line. These mines are equipped with wireless communication and self-organizing networking units. After being spread in some way (such as remote spreading by aircraft, ground-to-ground missiles or rockets), these mines quickly form a mobile ad hoc network. After being breached by an enemy tank, this mine quickly "self-healed" by judging the topology and the automatic bounce function, that is, reconnecting through network reconstruction. This is repeated until the system cannot be reconstructed and finally detonates on its own. The "self-healing minefield system" can greatly limit the enemy's maneuverability, delay the enemy's attack or retreat speed, and block specific areas for a period of time.
2. Industry
Wireless sensor network is a major application field of mobile self-organizing network technology. The use of sensors will be able to track various dynamic transactions from weather to corporate merchandise inventory, greatly expanding the functions of networking. If a huge number of sensors are connected into a network, it can be extended to more fields of human activities. The sensor can also work in a dangerous environment (such as the site of leakage of chemical hazardous substances), which can easily transmit the information of the site where the sensor is located to the outside of the dangerous site, avoid rescuers from entering the site, and collect and identify accident information. â—‡ In many applications Because of the small transmission power and the limitations of volume and battery power, sensor networks can only use wireless communication technology, and use multi-hop transmission to achieve communication between sensors and control centers.
In a wireless sensor network based on self-organization, sensor nodes are autonomous, connected by wireless links and distributed to form a network. At present, wireless sensor networks based on self-organization have begun to be in the stage of practical application. For example, there is an island called Big Duck off the coast of Maine in the United States, which is the world's largest breeding place for petrels. The researchers placed a small monitor called "particles" in many petrel nests on the island. The monitor is small in size and includes microprocessors, memory and sensors, and can monitor light, humidity and temperature. It is also equipped with a radio transceiver whose power is just enough to send and receive the information of adjacent "particles". This wireless sensor network using self-organizing technology shows people the popular wireless sensor network in the future.
In a blueprint report titled "Towards the era of ubiquitous networks" published by the Japanese "Ubiquitous Technology Future Outlook Survey and Research Society" in 2002, the network technologies required from 2005 to 2010 were defined by seven projects. These seven technologies include the "ubiquitous flexible broadband" of the fourth generation mobile communication system and the "ubiquitous sensor network" of the sensor network. In this report, sensor networks will be used in various fields such as logistics, intelligent transportation, healthcare, industrial monitoring, security, and ecological environment.
3. Civil field
(1) Temporary communication or lack of fixed network facilities
In addition to the battlefield environment, in some special environments or emergency situations, the mobile communication technology with a center is also not competent. For example, after an earthquake, flood or other disaster, the fixed communication network facilities may be completely destroyed or may not work properly, but it is still required to achieve communication between rescuers during the rescue and disaster relief process. A technology that does not rely on any fixed network facilities to help emergency personnel complete the necessary communication work; when the police or firefighters perform emergency tasks, there is not necessarily a fixed basic communication facility where the accident occurs, and the communication command must also be guaranteed at this time. . In the above situations, self-organizing networks that can be configured quickly and flexibly without relying on fixed infrastructure will serve as emergency or temporary communication facilities to meet the application requirements of these special occasions. In fact, in emergency situations such as disasters, smooth communication is needed to ensure the work of disaster relief. At this time, emergency mobile terminals using self-organizing technology can restore network connectivity without network infrastructure.
(2) Enterprises and households
In various business meetings, academic exchanges and other meetings, the use of self-organizing network can enable members participating in the meeting to exchange information and share resources through laptops or mobile terminals. Adopting a self-organizing network is more convenient than wired Ethernet, and cheaper and safer than using a cellular network or the Internet. Wireless local area network (WLAN) is a major application of self-organizing networks. There are two modes in IEEE 802.11, basic network mode and self-organizing mode. In the basic network mode, users set up communication with access points, and the access points are connected to the basic network. The self-organizing mode does not require access points, and users can communicate directly with each other. The combination of self-organization and WI-AN has created a mesh WiFi network, the biggest advantage of which is the use of multi-hop technology to expand the coverage of WLAN. In terms of home appliances, mobile self-organizing network products can establish wireless home networks for users. After each Internet is set up through the gateway of the mobile self-organizing network, remote operation, monitoring and management of home appliances can be realized.
The self-organizing network does not depend on the network infrastructure, is easy to distribute, and is invulnerable, so that it can meet the needs of various application fields. Its economic drive comes from reducing operating costs and labor costs, and improving efficiency. It is foreseeable that in broadband wireless mobile communications, self-organizing networks will become an important component.
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