Use of tensile testing machine - Huaqiang Electronic Network

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Widely used in machinery, metallurgy, petroleum, chemical, building materials, construction, aerospace, shipbuilding, transportation, and other industrial sectors as well as related laboratories in universities and research institutes. It plays an important role in the effective use of materials, improving processes, improving product quality, reducing costs, and ensuring product safety and reliability.

Software function: folding

1. Test standard modular function: Provide users with test standard settings for setting the required application, covering GB, ASTM, DIN, JIS, BS, etc. Test standard specifications.

2. Sample data: Provide users to set all sample materials, and once input data is permanently used. The formula can be added to improve the test data fit.

3. Double report editing: Fully open user editing report for testers to choose their favorite report format (test program added built-in EXCEL report editing function to expand the pattern of previous single professional report)

4. The length, power unit and display bit number are dynamically exchanged, the power units are T, Kg, N, KN, g, lb, and the deformation units are mm, cm and inch.

5. The graphical curve scale automatically optimizes Auto Scale to allow the graph to be displayed at the optimal scale. And can dynamically switch between real-time graphics during testing. Load-displacement, load-time, displacement-time, stress-strain load-2 point extension map, and multi-curve contrast.

6. The test results can be output in the form of data in the EXCEL format.

7. At the end of the test, it can be automatically sealed and manually archived. The maximum strength, upper and lower yield strength, hysteresis loop method, stepwise approximation method, non-proportional extension strength, tensile strength, compressive strength, and arbitrary point elongation strength are automatically calculated after the test is completed. , arbitrary point load extension, elastic modulus, elongation, maximum value of peeling interval, minimum value, average value, net energy, reentry energy, total energy, flexural modulus, breakpoint displacement x% load, breakpoint load X% Displacement, and so on. Data backup: Test data can be saved in any hard disk partition.

8. Multi-language random switching: Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, English.

Material testing machine classification folding

1. According to the classification method, it can be divided into metal material testing machine, non-metal material testing machine, dynamic balance testing machine, vibration table and non-destructive testing machine. Among them, the material testing machine loading method, structural features, force measuring principle, and scope of use are all different.

2, according to the loading method classification, can be divided into static load test machine static and dynamic load test machine dynamics, static test machine mainly includes, universal test machine, hydraulic universal test machine and electronic universal test machine, pressure test machine, tensile test machine , torsion testing machine, creep testing machine. The dynamic testing machine mainly includes a fatigue testing machine, a static and dynamic universal testing machine, a one-way pulsating fatigue testing machine, and an impact testing machine.

3. According to the measurement method, it can be divided into mechanical force testing machine and electronic force testing machine.

4. According to the control mode, it can be divided into manual control and microcomputer servo control test machine; according to the cylinder position classification, it can be divided into cylinder upper type and cylinder lower type test machine.

5. Classified by test force

5KG.100KG.500KG, 1T 2T .3T, 5T.10 tons, 20 tons, 30 tons, 50 tons, 60 tons, 100 tons, 200 tons, 300 tons, 500 tons, 1000 tons of universal material testing machine

Mechanical performance test type folding

The ability of a material to resist deformation or damage under the action of an external force is called the mechanical properties of the material. Including strength, plasticity, elasticity, brittleness, fracture toughness, hardness, and the like. General companies have done mechanical performance tests, physical experiments, and chemical experiments.

In the test sample, the mechanical properties of the material were tested by stretching, compression, bending, shearing, torsion, impact, fatigue, creep, durability, relaxation, wear, hardness, and the like.

Tensile test folding

Also known as the tensile test, the commonly used instrument is a universal material testing machine and a tensile testing machine, mainly to slowly apply a load on both ends of the sample, so that the working part of the sample is subjected to axial tensile force, causing the sample to be elongated in the axial direction. , generally until the break. The tensile strength and plastic properties of the material can be determined by a tensile test. Tensile specimens are to comply with the relevant national and industrial standards for tensile testing requirements for different materials. Tensile test curve stress-strain tensile curve.

The tensile curve can be divided into four stages: 1, 10ab - elastic deformation stage a point corresponding PP value is called proportional limit load. The b point corresponds to the Pe value called the elastic limit load (the maximum resistance without permanent deformation) 0-a segment ÄL proportional and p linear phase a-b segment extremely small plastic deformation (0.001-0.005%) 2, (bcd) - yield deformation The stage c point yield point corresponds to the PS c-d waveform segment "platform". 3. dB—Uniform plastic deformation stage B corresponds to the strength limit load of the material of Pb value (the maximum load that can be withstood). 4. BK—Local concentrated deformation stage (necked) K point is the breaking point corresponding to the Pk value breaking load.

Compression test folding

However, contrary to the tensile test, it is used to measure the pressure strength, relative shortening rate and cross-sectional increase rate of the material under static pressure. The basic requirement for a compression pattern is that the two bearing end faces are parallel to each other. Users generally use universal testing machines and pressure testing machines. The bending test is mainly used to determine the bending strength limit, elastic modulus and maximum deflection of materials or members. Can be divided into simply supported beam bending test and pure bending test

Shear test folding

It is mainly used to determine the shear resistance of materials, and is generally used to evaluate the quality of wire for rivets. The shear test is divided into single shear and bidirectional shear tests, and the instrument is a universal material testing machine.

Impact test folding

It is to determine the toughness and brittleness of the sample by using the energy difference before and after the pendulum impacts the sample. It is characterized by high impact force, short acting time and fast change.

Hardness test folding

It is a rapid and economical mechanical test method. It is one of the most widely used methods for determining the mechanical properties of materials. It is the only test that does not damage the mechanical properties of the test piece. There are torsion test, fatigue test, creep test, relaxation test and endurance test in the product test.

Material testing machine installation and maintenance folding

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1Preparation before installation

(1) The test machine should be installed in a clean, dry, vibration-free room at room temperature (10 ~ 35) °C. And the room should have enough space to ensure that there is more than 70cm space around the test machine for testing and routine maintenance.

(2) Dig a pit of the test machine installation position, the size is longer than the base of the test machine, the width is greater than 50cm, and the depth is not less than 30cm.

(3) Watering the concrete with a strength grade not less than C20 in the pit, leaving holes for anchoring anchor screws and piping for installing circuits and sensors when pouring concrete. The level of application of the concrete foundation is leveled.

(4) The test machine is connected to a three-phase four-wire power supply, and the power supply should be equipped with an air switch and a leakage protection device. The wire should be greater than 150 cm from the ground. A manual electric switch should be installed on the wire to control the power of the test machine.

2 preliminary calibration folding of the test machine installation accuracy

The main body of the testing machine should use the frame level or borrow the wire hammer in the accessory to correct the verticality of the column in two directions perpendicular to each other, and adjust it by inserting a small piece of iron at the bottom of the main body. Install the anchor screws and use a spring washer. Use high-strength cement mortar to pour the screw holes of each foot, fill the gap between the test machine and the ground, sprinkle water for more than one week, and then tighten the screws.

3 hydraulic system connection folding

(1) Remove the bundles from each part and clean the inside of the tubing with clean kerosene, especially the connecting thread of each tubing.

(2) Check if the gasket at the joint is complete. If it is damaged due to transportation, it should be installed with the new gasket attached to the test machine to prevent oil leakage during high pressure.

(3) Connect the tubing with a suitable wrench. If it is a seamless copper tube, it should be connected to the main unit, and rely on the movement of the console to adjust the spacing to connect the console end.

(4) Discharge the residual oil in the fuel tank and remove the residue in the fuel tank.

(5) Uncover the iron gate of the hydraulic control box, you can see the screen oil filter, which is injected into the fuel tank through the oil filter when filling. The test machine usually uses hydraulic oil. In the summer, the hydraulic oil with higher viscosity should be used. In winter, the hydraulic oil with less viscosity should be used.

(6) Be sure to pay close attention to the oil level when refueling. If the amount of oil is too small, the test machine will not work properly. Too much oil will cause hydraulic oil to leak from the working cylinder port.

4 electrical installation folding

The test machine supply voltage is the electrical connection between the three-phase 380V main body and the hydraulic control box. Before powering on, open the iron door of the hydraulic control box, check whether the wiring is disconnected, whether the fuse is loose, and clean the dust and debris in the electrical box. After confirming that the device has been connected to the power supply line, press the “Power” button on the panel of the hydraulic control box. The indicator light indicates that the information has been retrieved and the power supply is turned on. Open the oil pump, check whether the running direction of the oil pump and the direction indicated by the arrow are the same. If it is the opposite, change any two connected positions, then click the clamp seat lifting button, remove the wooden block on the platen, and unscrew the oil supply valve to rise. Piston, check the piston stroke limit switch for operation with reference to the scale on the main column.

5 test machine debugging folding

(1) Turn off the oil pump motor, unscrew the MS plug on the oil pump, discharge the air in the pump (flow out with a small amount of oil), and then vent the air and then swirl back the plug: start the oil pump repeatedly lift the piston to the air in the cylinder and the oil pipe. Drain the net.

(2) Pull the cold-bending support to the two sides equidistantly, in order to move the beam without lifting it:

(3) Install the spherical lower pressing plate on the platen, and lift the moving beam so that the upper and lower pressing plates are separated by about 20 mm:

(4) Start the oil pump, close the oil return valve and open the oil supply valve to raise the platen and slowly increase the pressure:

(5) Check the oil pipe joints for oil leakage:

(6) If there is oil leakage, tighten the oil joint and material after unloading.

Material testing machine classification folding

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There are many classification methods for material testing machines. Common ones are:

First, according to the type of output source, there are mainly motor, hydraulic, pneumatic, electromagnetic and so on;

Second, according to the type of indication of the end of measurement, there are mainly digital displays and pointers;

Thirdly, according to the relationship between the load and time of the sample, there are mainly: static machine and fatigue machine.

Fourth, according to the control method, there are mainly open loop control (manual control) and closed loop control (automatic control).

For closed-loop control control types are: speed control, load control, deformation control, position control.

Fifth, there are mainly general-purpose machines (universal machines) and special machines according to their purposes.

There are many types of special machines, such as: cement presses, red brick presses, line bending fatigue machines, soft worry machines, electric porcelain bending machines, lying pulls, etc., far balance machines, far three axes, vibration tables.

Test method and test machine folding

Generally speaking, there are only two kinds of testing machines: the direction of motion (or the direction of force), the kind of pulling, the kind of pressing, the tension, pressing, bending, shearing, peeling, tearing, wearing, wearing, etc. that we usually see. This is for the sample. Detection and control, detection and control are two different concepts, but they are indivisible. Generally speaking, for a particular system, under a specific test condition, it only controls a specific parameter, such as our company's electricity. Pull, it only controls the moving speed of the test bench, and the detection amount is generally more than one. For example, the electric pull generally has detection links such as load, displacement and deformation. Open loop control and closed loop control - open loop control - closed loop control.

Detection binning and control binning

Detection binning: It can be used to improve the sensitivity of the measurement and solve the problem of small objects in the large management station.

Control binning: used to solve the problem of accurate "positioning", but also solve the problem of measurement accuracy.

The relationship between file enlargement and range binning

These are two different concepts, but they are related to each other. The binning amplification refers to a local parameter of the sensor amplifier, and the spanning binning refers to a pair of characteristic parameters of the testing machine. The latter has practical meaning for the user, while the former does not require user attention.