The integrated circuit (IC) industry is a strategic, foundational, and leading sector that plays a vital role in the development of emerging industries and the information economy. Its core position in the field of information technology is undeniable. Since the early 21st century, China has implemented several key policies to promote the growth of the IC industry, including the State Council’s Document No. 18 in 2000 and Guofa Document No. 4 in 2011. Additionally, the “National Major Science and Technology Project†was launched, and the “Outline for the Development of the Integrated Circuit Industry†was issued in 2014, marking a clear national commitment to this critical sector.
Driven by both market demand and government support, the strength of China's IC industry has grown rapidly. Technologies in key areas such as mobile intelligent terminals, network communications, and the Internet of Things have reached international standards. The 28nm manufacturing process has achieved mass production, and leading companies are now profitable, with packaging technologies and global synchronization becoming more prominent. Key equipment and materials have also entered international procurement systems, signaling a shift toward global competitiveness.
Overall, the industry shows strong performance, especially in design and manufacturing. From the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period onward, increased government support—through financing, tax incentives, and other measures—has propelled the IC sector into an accelerated development phase. The industry scale nearly doubled from 218.55 billion yuan in 2012 to 433.55 billion yuan in 2016. In 2016 alone, the semiconductor industry completed fixed asset investments of 100.113 billion yuan, with the IC industry accounting for 87.957 billion yuan—a 31% year-on-year increase. This growth reflects improved strengths across all aspects of the industry.
In particular, wafer manufacturing, often seen as the backbone of the IC industry, has experienced significant growth. The IC design industry has also developed rapidly, with a 24.1% growth rate in 2016—outpacing both the national and global IC design sectors. Sales reached 164.43 billion yuan, surpassing the sales revenue of the mainland packaging industry and even exceeding that of Taiwan's design sector.
The number of design companies with over 100 million yuan in sales increased significantly, reaching 161 in 2016—an 18-company rise from 2015. Companies like Shenzhen Haisi and Ziguang Zengrui have emerged as top global players. The total number of design enterprises grew from 736 in 2015 to 1,362 in 2016, with 626 new startups created in a single year. The workforce in the IC design sector reached 130,000 people, showing a substantial expansion in human resources.
The wafer manufacturing industry has also seen continuous improvements. SMIC's advanced manufacturing process shipments increased, while Huali Micro made technological progress. Companies like Huahong Hongli, China Resources Microelectronics, and others operated at full capacity on their 8-inch lines. In 2016, the domestic wafer manufacturing industry maintained a high growth rate of 25.1%, reaching 112.69 billion yuan in scale. This was the highest growth rate among the three main segments: design, manufacturing, and packaging/testing.
The packaging and testing industry also showed steady growth. In 2016, driven by increased domestic and overseas orders, the industry reached 156.43 billion yuan, with a 13% year-on-year growth. Major companies were concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Bohai Bay area, with regional advantages growing in central and western regions, particularly in Xi’an, Wuhan, and Chengdu.
Key enterprises in the industry have shown increasing influence globally. In the design sector, Shenzhen Hass and Zoomlion ranked sixth and tenth respectively in the global IC design rankings. Eleven Chinese design companies made it into the 2016 ICinsights Top 50 list. The threshold for entering the top ten design companies rose to 2.05 billion yuan, with the top ten companies achieving 69.31 billion yuan in sales, representing 42.15% of the total design industry sales.
SMIC, a leading player in wafer manufacturing, ranked fourth globally in 2016 with sales of $2.914 billion, a 30.3% year-on-year increase. It also expanded its presence in the automotive chip market and announced plans for multiple new production lines, including a 12-inch line in Shanghai and a 12-inch line in Shenzhen.
In the packaging and testing sector, companies like Jiangsu Xinchao and Nantong Huada broke through the 10 billion yuan mark for the first time. Tianshui Huatian also enhanced its capabilities through acquisitions, placing them among the top ten global packaging and testing companies.
Technological innovation has been a key driver, with breakthroughs in 16nm commercialization and 28nm mass production. Companies like Shenzhen Hass and Ziguang Zengrui have reached global mainstream levels in 16/14nm design, while Shanghai Zhaoxin’s ZX-C processor passed CCC certification and was used in key national projects.
Overall, the Chinese IC industry is not only growing in scale but also improving in quality and global reach, with significant advancements in design, manufacturing, and packaging/testing. The future looks promising as the industry continues to invest in R&D, expand production capacities, and strengthen its position on the global stage.
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